महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-50

अर्जुन उवाच ।
अस्मिन्युद्धे तु वार्ष्णेय त्रैलोक्यमथने तदा ।
जयं कः प्राप्तवांस्तत्र शंसैतन्मे जनार्दन ॥५०॥

50. arjuna uvāca ,
asminyuddhe tu vārṣṇeya trailokyamathane tadā ,
jayaṁ kaḥ prāptavāṁstatra śaṁsaitanme janārdana.

50. arjunaḥ uvāca asmin yuddhe tu vārṣṇeya trailokyamathane
tadā jayam kaḥ prāptavān tatra śaṁsa etat me janārdana

50. Arjuna said: 'O Vārṣṇeya, O Janārdana, in that battle, the churning of the three worlds, who then attained victory there? Please tell me this!'

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (name of Pandava prince)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war, in conflict

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O Vārṣṇeya, an epithet of Krishna. (O Vārṣṇeya (descendant of Vṛṣṇi))

• त्रैलोक्यमथने (trailokyamathane) - in the churning of the three worlds

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• जयम् (jayam) - victory, triumph

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - obtained, received, acquired

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that matter

• शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, declare, praise

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one (neuter)

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janārdana (an epithet of Krishna, reliever of humanity, agitator of men)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (name of Pandava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna, white, silver

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

From root √vac (to speak), perfect 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Qualifies 'yuddhe'.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Derived from root √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Locative of place/time.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle

वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O Vārṣṇeya, an epithet of Krishna. (O Vārṣṇeya (descendant of Vṛṣṇi))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vārṣṇeya

vārṣṇeya - descendant of Vṛṣṇi, belonging to the Vṛṣṇi clan

Derived from Vṛṣṇi + 'eya' (patronymic suffix)

त्रैलोक्यमथने (trailokyamathane) - in the churning of the three worlds

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of trailokyamathana

trailokyamathana - churning of the three worlds

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (trailokya+mathana)

• trailokya – the three worlds
  noun (neuter)
  Tri- ('three') + Loka ('world')
• mathana – churning, agitation
  noun (neuter)
  From root √math (to churn, agitate)
  Root: math (class 1)

Note: Adjective to 'yuddhe'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

जयम् (jayam) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

From root √ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prāptavān'.

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

Note: Subject of the implied verb (who obtained).

प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - obtained, received, acquired

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāptavat

prāptavat - one who has obtained/received

Past Active Participle

From 'pra-' + root '√āp' (to obtain). Suffix 'ktavatu'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Acts as a verb, 'who obtained'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, in that matter

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place

शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, declare, praise

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of śaṁs

Imperative

From root √śaṁs (to praise, declare), imperative 2nd person singular active.

Root: śaṁs (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this, this one (neuter)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Object of 'śaṁsa'.

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Dative/Genitive of 'asmad' (enclitic form)

Note: Indirect object of 'śaṁsa'.

जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janārdana (an epithet of Krishna, reliever of humanity, agitator of men)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - reliever of men, agitator of men (epithet of Krishna)

Compound of 'jana' (men) and 'ardana' (agitating/removing/asking for).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (jana+ardana)

• jana – person, people, mankind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ardana – agitating, tormenting, asking, removing
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ṛd (to trouble, torment, remove)
  Root: ṛd (class 7)