महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-38

नारायणाद्वरं लब्ध्वा प्राप्य योगमनुत्तमम् ।
क्रमं प्रणीय शिक्षां च प्रणयित्वा स गालवः ॥३८॥

38. nārāyaṇādvaraṁ labdhvā prāpya yogamanuttamam ,
kramaṁ praṇīya śikṣāṁ ca praṇayitvā sa gālavaḥ.

38. nārāyaṇāt varam labdhvā prāpya yogam anuttamam
kramam praṇīya śikṣām ca praṇayitvā saḥ gālavaḥ

38. saḥ gālavaḥ nārāyaṇāt varam labdhvā anuttamam
yogam prāpya kramam praṇīya ca śikṣām praṇayitvā

38. Having obtained a boon from Nārāyaṇa and attained the unsurpassed spiritual discipline (yoga), Gālava, having established the method of Vedic recitation (krama) and having composed the phonetics treatise (śikṣā), carried out these tasks.

Words meanings summery:

• नारायणात् (nārāyaṇāt) - from Nārāyaṇa

• वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, choice, best thing

• लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having received

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained, having reached

• योगम् (yogam) - spiritual discipline (union, spiritual discipline, effort, connection, system of philosophy)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, peerless

• क्रमम् (kramam) - a specific method of Vedic recitation/study (order, sequence, method, tradition, step)

• प्रणीय (praṇīya) - having led, having established, having composed, having taught

• शिक्षाम् (śikṣām) - the phonetic treatise (one of the Vedāṅgas) (instruction, teaching, learning, study, skill)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रणयित्वा (praṇayitvā) - having composed, having taught, having enacted, having shown affection

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava

Words meanings and morphology

नारायणात् (nārāyaṇāt) - from Nārāyaṇa

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Nārāyaṇa (a name of Vishnu, a supreme being)

वरम् (varam) - boon, blessing, choice, best thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, excellent, best, bridegroom

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, having received

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √labh.

Root: √labh (class 1)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained, having reached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √āp with prefix pra. The 'ya' ending is typical when prefixed.

Prefix: pra

Root: √āp (class 5)

योगम् (yogam) - spiritual discipline (union, spiritual discipline, effort, connection, system of philosophy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, spiritual discipline, effort, connection, system of philosophy

Derived from root √yuj (to join, to connect).

Root: √yuj (class 7)

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed, excellent, peerless

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, best, excellent, peerless

Negation (a) of 'uttama' (best).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+uttama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• uttama – best, highest, excellent, supreme
  adjective
  From 'ut' (up) + 'tama' (superlative suffix).

क्रमम् (kramam) - a specific method of Vedic recitation/study (order, sequence, method, tradition, step)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krama

krama - step, stride, order, method, sequence, traditional method of Vedic recitation

Root: √kram (class 1)

प्रणीय (praṇīya) - having led, having established, having composed, having taught

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root √nī with prefix pra. The 'ya' ending is typical when prefixed.

Prefix: pra

Root: √nī (class 1)

शिक्षाम् (śikṣām) - the phonetic treatise (one of the Vedāṅgas) (instruction, teaching, learning, study, skill)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śikṣā

śikṣā - instruction, teaching, learning, study, skill, phonetics (as a Vedāṅga)

Derived from root √śikṣ (to learn, to teach).

Root: √śikṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

प्रणयित्वा (praṇayitvā) - having composed, having taught, having enacted, having shown affection

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from causative of root √nī (to lead) with prefix pra, and suffix -tvā. The 'ṇ' is a sandhi effect.

Prefix: pra

Root: √nī (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Name of an ancient sage