महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-56

साञ्जलिप्रग्रहो भूत्वा चतुर्वक्त्रो निरुक्तगः ।
उवाच वचनं रुद्रं लोकानामस्तु वै शिवम् ।
न्यस्यायुधानि विश्वेश जगतो हितकाम्यया ॥५६॥

56. sāñjalipragraho bhūtvā caturvaktro niruktagaḥ ,
uvāca vacanaṁ rudraṁ lokānāmastu vai śivam ,
nyasyāyudhāni viśveśa jagato hitakāmyayā.

56. sāñjalipragrahaḥ bhūtvā caturvaktraḥ
niruktagaḥ uvāca vacanam rudram
lokānām astu vai śivam nyasya
āyudhāni viśveśa jagataḥ hitakāmyayā

56. caturvaktraḥ sāñjalipragrahaḥ
niruktagaḥ bhūtvā rudram vacanam uvāca
lokānām vai śivam astu viśveśa
jagataḥ hitakāmyayā āyudhāni nyasya

56. The four-faced Brahmā, having made a reverent gesture with joined hands and speaking with precise words, addressed Rudra: "May there indeed be welfare for all beings! O Lord of the universe, lay down your weapons, desiring the good of the world."

Words meanings summery:

• साञ्जलिप्रग्रहः (sāñjalipragrahaḥ) - referring to Brahmā performing the añjali gesture (having made a reverent gesture with joined hands, respectful)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having taken on the posture / state (having become, being)

• चतुर्वक्त्रः (caturvaktraḥ) - epithet for Brahmā (four-faced)

• निरुक्तगः (niruktagaḥ) - speaking words that are well-defined and appropriate to the situation (speaking clearly/precisely, following tradition)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Brahmā spoke (he spoke, he said)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - the address/words spoken to Rudra (speech, word, utterance)

• रुद्रम् (rudram) - addressed to the deity Rudra (to Rudra, Rudra (the deity))

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - for the benefit of all beings/worlds (of the worlds, of the people, of the beings)

• अस्तु (astu) - a wish/prayer for welfare (let it be, may it be)

• वै (vai) - emphasis (indeed, certainly, surely)

• शिवम् (śivam) - general well-being and prosperity (welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune)

• न्यस्य (nyasya) - having deposited or relinquished (weapons) (having laid down, having placed)

• आयुधानि (āyudhāni) - weapons, arms

• विश्वेश (viśveśa) - addressing Rudra (Śiva) (O Lord of the universe, O universal ruler)

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the entire world/creation (of the world, of the universe, of movable things)

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - motivated by the desire to benefit the world (with the desire for welfare, for the sake of good)

Words meanings and morphology

साञ्जलिप्रग्रहः (sāñjalipragrahaḥ) - referring to Brahmā performing the añjali gesture (having made a reverent gesture with joined hands, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāñjalipragraha

sāñjalipragraha - having joined hands in reverence, respectful gesture

Compound: sa (with) + añjali (joined hands) + pragraha (holding forth, reverence). Bahuvrihi: one with joined hands held forth.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+añjali+pragraha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• añjali – joined palms (gesture of reverence), cupped hands
  noun (masculine)
  From √añj 'to anoint, honor'.
  Root: añj (class 7)
• pragraha – holding forth, seizing, reverence
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-grah 'to seize, hold'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Brahmā.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having taken on the posture / state (having become, being)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √bhū 'to be' + suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

चतुर्वक्त्रः (caturvaktraḥ) - epithet for Brahmā (four-faced)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturvaktra

caturvaktra - four-faced (an epithet of Brahmā)

Compound of catur (four) + vaktra (face).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (catur+vaktra)

• catur – four
  numeral
• vaktra – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac 'to speak'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies the subject (Brahmā).

निरुक्तगः (niruktagaḥ) - speaking words that are well-defined and appropriate to the situation (speaking clearly/precisely, following tradition)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niruktaga

niruktaga - one who has gone to the Nirukta (a Vedic ancillary science of etymology), one who speaks articulately/precisely

Compound of nirukta (explained, etymologized, clear) + ga (going, speaking). Tatpurusha.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nirukta+ga)

• nirukta – explained, interpreted, clearly stated, etymologized; the Nirukta (text)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From nir-vac (to speak out, explain).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: vac (class 2)
• ga – going, moving, knowing, speaking (as suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  From √gam 'to go'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Brahmā.

उवाच (uvāca) - Brahmā spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect active, 3rd singular

From √vac 'to speak'. Reduplicated perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - the address/words spoken to Rudra (speech, word, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, statement

From √vac 'to speak' + suffix -ana.

Root: vac (class 2)

रुद्रम् (rudram) - addressed to the deity Rudra (to Rudra, Rudra (the deity))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Śiva), terrible, fierce

From √rud 'to cry, howl'.

Root: rud (class 2)

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - for the benefit of all beings/worlds (of the worlds, of the people, of the beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, beings

From √lok 'to see, perceive'.

Root: lok (class 1)

अस्तु (astu) - a wish/prayer for welfare (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (Lot) of as

Imperative active, 3rd singular

From √as 'to be'.

Root: as (class 2)

वै (vai) - emphasis (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

शिवम् (śivam) - general well-being and prosperity (welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, welfare, well-being

From √śī 'to lie, repose' or √śva 'to swell'.

Root: śī (class 2)

न्यस्य (nyasya) - having deposited or relinquished (weapons) (having laid down, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √as 'to throw' with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: as (class 4)

Note: The imperative sense is derived from the gerund used as a polite request/command.

आयुधानि (āyudhāni) - weapons, arms

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of āyudha

āyudha - weapon, arms, implement of war

From ā-yudh 'to fight with'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

विश्वेश (viśveśa) - addressing Rudra (Śiva) (O Lord of the universe, O universal ruler)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viśveśa

viśveśa - Lord of the universe, universal ruler (epithet of Śiva or other deities)

Compound of viśva (all, universe) + īśa (lord, ruler). Tatpurusha.

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśva+īśa)

• viśva – all, whole, entire, universal
  adjective (neuter)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś 'to rule, command'.
  Root: īś (class 2)

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the entire world/creation (of the world, of the universe, of movable things)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, movable, all that moves

Present active participle (from √gam, reduplicated) then nominalized.

From √gam 'to go', reduplicated, used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - motivated by the desire to benefit the world (with the desire for welfare, for the sake of good)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for welfare, wish for good

Compound: hita (welfare, benefit) + kāmyā (desire, wish). Tatpurusha. From hita (PPP of √dhā) + kāmya (desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – beneficial, wholesome, good, welfare
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā 'to place', prefix hi (variant for dha).
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, wish, longing
  noun (feminine)
  From √kam 'to desire'.
  Root: kam (class 1)