महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-1

श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ शश्वत्केशैर्मे अंशुसंज्ञितैः ।
बोधयंस्तापयंश्चैव जगदुत्तिष्ठतः पृथक् ॥१॥

1. śrībhagavānuvāca ,
sūryācandramasau śaśvatkeśairme aṁśusaṁjñitaiḥ ,
bodhayaṁstāpayaṁścaiva jagaduttiṣṭhataḥ pṛthak.

1. śrī bhagavān uvāca | sūryacandramasau śaśvat keśaiḥ me
aṃśusaṃjñitaiḥ | bodhayan tāpayan ca eva jagat uttiṣṭhataḥ pṛthak

1. śrī bhagavān uvāca sūryacandramasau śaśvat pṛthak uttiṣṭhataḥ
me aṃśusaṃjñitaiḥ keśaiḥ jagat bodhayan ca eva tāpayan

1. The Blessed Lord said: The sun and the moon rise separately and eternally, and I, with my rays called 'aṃśu', awaken and heat the world.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - The Supreme Lord, Kṛṣṇa (the Blessed Lord)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• सूर्यचन्द्रमसौ (sūryacandramasau) - the sun and the moon (as celestial bodies) (the sun and the moon)

• शश्वत् (śaśvat) - constantly, eternally (always, eternally, constantly)

• केशैः (keśaiḥ) - by rays (of light) (by rays, by hairs)

• मे (me) - my (possessive) (my, to me, for me)

• अंशुसंज्ञितैः (aṁśusaṁjñitaiḥ) - by those specifically designated as 'aṃśu' (rays) (by those called 'aṃśu', by those named 'ray')

• बोधयन् (bodhayan) - awakening, enlightening (awakening, enlightening, causing to know)

• तापयन् (tāpayan) - heating, warming (heating, causing to suffer, scorching)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, only, certainly)

• जगत् (jagat) - the entire world, the universe (the world, all that moves)

• उत्तिष्ठतः (uttiṣṭhataḥ) - they (sun and moon) rise (they stand up, they rise, they emerge)

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly (separately, individually, apart)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - The Supreme Lord, Kṛṣṇa (the Blessed Lord)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrībhagavat

śrībhagavat - the Blessed Lord, the fortunate one, the glorious one

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+bhagavat)

• śrī – fortune, glory, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
• bhagavat – blessed, divine, glorious
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Nominative singular, used as the subject of the verb 'said'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Irregular perfect formation from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

सूर्यचन्द्रमसौ (sūryacandramasau) - the sun and the moon (as celestial bodies) (the sun and the moon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sūryacandramas

sūryacandramas - sun and moon

Compound formed as a dvandva.

Compound type : dvandva (sūrya+candramas)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• candramas – moon
  noun (masculine)

शश्वत् (śaśvat) - constantly, eternally (always, eternally, constantly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies the action of rising.

केशैः (keśaiḥ) - by rays (of light) (by rays, by hairs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of keśa

keśa - hair, ray (of light)

Note: Indicates the means by which the actions of awakening and heating are performed.

मे (me) - my (possessive) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

Note: Indicates possession of the rays by the speaker (the Lord).

अंशुसंज्ञितैः (aṁśusaṁjñitaiḥ) - by those specifically designated as 'aṃśu' (rays) (by those called 'aṃśu', by those named 'ray')

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aṃśusaṃjñita

aṁśusaṁjñita - named aṃśu, called aṃśu (aṃśu meaning ray)

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'aṃśu' (ray) and 'saṃjñita' (named/designated, from 'sam-jñā' to know/designate).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (aṃśu+saṃjñita)

• aṃśu – ray, point, corner
  noun (masculine)
• saṃjñita – named, designated, called
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root jñā (to know) with the prefix sam, forming 'saṃjñā' (name/designation), then the past passive participle suffix -ita.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees in gender, number, and case with 'keśaiḥ'.

बोधयन् (bodhayan) - awakening, enlightening (awakening, enlightening, causing to know)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bodhayat

bodhayat - awakening, enlightening (present active participle, causative of budh)

Present Active Participle (causative)

Formed from the causative stem 'bodhaya' of root 'budh' + śatṛ suffix.

Root: budh (class 1)

तापयन् (tāpayan) - heating, warming (heating, causing to suffer, scorching)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāpayat

tāpayat - heating, causing to be hot (present active participle, causative of tap)

Present Active Participle (causative)

Formed from the causative stem 'tāpaya' of root 'tap' + śatṛ suffix.

Root: tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

जगत् (jagat) - the entire world, the universe (the world, all that moves)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present active participle (substantivized)

From root 'gam' (to go) + śatṛ suffix, here used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

उत्तिष्ठतः (uttiṣṭhataḥ) - they (sun and moon) rise (they stand up, they rise, they emerge)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, present (lat) of ut-sthā

Present active

From root 'sthā' with prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly (separately, individually, apart)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.