योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-94, verse-65

तत्किमर्थमनर्थाय निरर्थकमपार्थकाः ।
कस्मादभ्युदिता ब्रूहि रागद्वेषभयादयः ॥ ६५ ॥

tatkimarthamanarthāya nirarthakamapārthakāḥ ,
kasmādabhyuditā brūhi rāgadveṣabhayādayaḥ 65

65. tat kimartham anarthāya nirarthakam apārthakāḥ
kasmāt abhyuditāḥ brūhi rāgadveṣabhayādayaḥ

65. brūhi tat kimartham anarthāya nirarthakam
apārthakāḥ rāgadveṣabhayādayaḥ kasmāt abhyuditāḥ

65. Therefore, tell me, for what purpose, for what misfortune, meaninglessly, or pointlessly, have these desires, aversions, fears, and other similar emotions arisen?

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, then, that

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

• अनर्थाय (anarthāya) - for misfortune, for harm

• निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - meaningless, uselessly, in vain

• अपार्थकाः (apārthakāḥ) - purposeless, useless, meaningless (plural)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what, why, whence

• अभ्युदिताः (abhyuditāḥ) - arisen, manifested, appeared

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

• रागद्वेषभयादयः (rāgadveṣabhayādayaḥ) - desires, aversions, fears, and others

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, then, that

(indeclinable)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artham)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artham – purpose, meaning, for the sake of
  indeclinable

अनर्थाय (anarthāya) - for misfortune, for harm

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, harm, evil, nonsense

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+artha)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - meaningless, uselessly, in vain

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (nis+arthaka)

• nis – without, out, forth
  indeclinable
• arthaka – having meaning or purpose, useful
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

अपार्थकाः (apārthakāḥ) - purposeless, useless, meaningless (plural)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apārthaka

apārthaka - purposeless, useless, meaningless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pārthaka)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• pārthaka – having a purpose or meaning, useful
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - from what, why, whence

(indeclinable)

अभ्युदिताः (abhyuditāḥ) - arisen, manifested, appeared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhyudita

abhyudita - arisen, manifested, appeared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ud'.

Prefixes: abhi+ud

Root: i (class 2)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of brū

Imperative Mood

Root 'brū' (to speak), Class 2, Active Voice, Imperative, 2nd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

रागद्वेषभयादयः (rāgadveṣabhayādayaḥ) - desires, aversions, fears, and others

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāgadveṣabhayādi

rāgadveṣabhayādi - attachment, aversion, fear, etc.

Compound type : dvandva + tatpuruṣa (rāga+dveṣa+bhaya+ādi)

• rāga – desire, attachment, passion
  noun (masculine)
• dveṣa – hatred, aversion, dislike
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)

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