योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-106, verse-18

यत्र शष्पशिखाश्रेण्यो दृश्यन्ते विरलाः स्थले ।
कदर्थलक्ष्म्या जिह्मस्य हृदीवानन्दवृत्तयः ॥ १८ ॥

yatra śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyo dṛśyante viralāḥ sthale ,
kadarthalakṣmyā jihmasya hṛdīvānandavṛttayaḥ 18

18. yatra śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyaḥ dṛśyante viralāḥ sthale
kadarthalakṣmyā jihmasya hṛdi iva ānandavṛttayaḥ

18. yatra sthale viralāḥ śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyaḥ dṛśyante,
(tāḥ) kadarthalakṣmyā jihmasya hṛdi ānandavṛttayaḥ iva (dṛśyante).

18. Where sparse rows of grass-blades are seen on the ground, they are like the rare movements of joy in the heart of a wicked person (jihmasya), stemming from their ill-gotten wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

• शष्पशिखाश्रेण्यः (śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyaḥ) - rows of grass-blades

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen (they are seen, they appear)

• विरलाः (viralāḥ) - sparse (sparse, rare, scattered, few)

• स्थले (sthale) - on the ground (on the ground, in the place, on the spot)

• कदर्थलक्ष्म्या (kadarthalakṣmyā) - stemming from their ill-gotten wealth (due to despicable wealth, by means of ill-gotten fortune)

• जिह्मस्य (jihmasya) - of a wicked person (of the wicked one, of the crooked one)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart (in the heart, in the mind)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• आनन्दवृत्तयः (ānandavṛttayaḥ) - the rare movements of joy (movements/manifestations of joy, joyous states)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb, introducing a spatial clause.

शष्पशिखाश्रेण्यः (śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyaḥ) - rows of grass-blades

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śaṣpaśikhāśreṇi

śaṣpaśikhāśreṇi - a line or row of grass-blades

Compound: śaṣpa (grass) + śikhā (tip, blade) + śreṇi (row)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śaṣpa+śikhā+śreṇi)

• śaṣpa – young grass, fresh grass, sprout
  noun (neuter)
• śikhā – peak, crest, top, flame, blade (of grass)
  noun (feminine)
• śreṇi – row, line, series, class, troop
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'dṛśyante'.

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen (they are seen, they appear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb, passive voice, agreeing with 'śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyaḥ'.

विरलाः (viralāḥ) - sparse (sparse, rare, scattered, few)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of virala

virala - sparse, rare, scattered, loose, wide apart

Note: Agrees with 'śaṣpaśikhāśreṇyaḥ', describing their sparseness.

स्थले (sthale) - on the ground (on the ground, in the place, on the spot)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthala

sthala - ground, place, spot, dry land

Note: Location where the grass-blades are seen.

कदर्थलक्ष्म्या (kadarthalakṣmyā) - stemming from their ill-gotten wealth (due to despicable wealth, by means of ill-gotten fortune)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kadarthalakṣmī

kadarthalakṣmī - despicable wealth, ill-gotten fortune, miserable opulence

Compound: kadartha (bad meaning, despicable) + lakṣmī (wealth, fortune)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kadartha+lakṣmī)

• kadartha – bad meaning, ignoble purpose, contemptible; ill-gotten
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'ka' (bad) + 'artha' (meaning, purpose, wealth)
• lakṣmī – wealth, prosperity, fortune, goddess Lakṣmī
  noun (feminine)

Note: Indicates the cause or source of the 'ānandavṛttayaḥ'.

जिह्मस्य (jihmasya) - of a wicked person (of the wicked one, of the crooked one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jihma

jihma - crooked, oblique, dishonest, wicked, sly

Note: Modifies an implied noun like 'puruṣasya', referring to a person.

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart (in the heart, in the mind)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, soul, breast

Note: Location where the movements of joy occur.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

आनन्दवृत्तयः (ānandavṛttayaḥ) - the rare movements of joy (movements/manifestations of joy, joyous states)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ānandavṛtti

ānandavṛtti - movement of joy, state of happiness, manifestation of delight

Compound: ānanda (joy) + vṛtti (movement, course, state)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ānanda+vṛtti)

• ānanda – joy, delight, happiness, bliss
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-√nand (to rejoice)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nand (class 1)
• vṛtti – mode of being, conduct, state, activity, movement
  noun (feminine)
  From √vṛt (to be, to turn, to exist)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the simile, compared to the grass-blades.