वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-61, verse-49

स पर्वतान् वृक्षगणान् सरांसि नदीस्तटाकानि पुरोत्तमानि ।
स्फीताञ्जनांस्तानपि संप्रपश्यञ्जगाम वेगात् पितृतुल्यवेगः ॥४९॥

49. sa parvatān vṛkṣagaṇān sarāṃsi nadīstaṭākāni purottamāni ,
sphītāñjanāṃstānapi saṃprapaśyañjagāma vegāt pitṛtulyavegaḥ.

49. saḥ parvatān vṛkṣagaṇān sarāṃsi
nadīḥ taṭākāni purottamāni
sphītān janān tān api samprapaśyan
jagāma vegāt pitṛtulyavegaḥ

49. saḥ parvatān vṛkṣagaṇān sarāṃsi
nadīḥ taṭākāni purottamāni
sphītān janān tān api samprapaśyan
pitṛtulyavegaḥ vegāt jagāma

49. He, observing mountains, dense forests, lakes, rivers, reservoirs, and excellent cities, as well as prosperous people, proceeded with the speed of his father (Vāyu), swiftly moving onward.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Hanumān) (he, that)

• पर्वतान् (parvatān) - mountains

• वृक्षगणान् (vṛkṣagaṇān) - groups of trees, forests

• सरांसि (sarāṁsi) - lakes, ponds

• नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

• तटाकानि (taṭākāni) - tanks, reservoirs

• पुरोत्तमानि (purottamāni) - excellent cities

• स्फीतान् (sphītān) - prosperous, abundant

• जनान् (janān) - people, men

• तान् (tān) - those

• अपि (api) - also, even

• सम्प्रपश्यन् (samprapaśyan) - observing, seeing well

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

• वेगात् (vegāt) - with speed, quickly

• पितृतुल्यवेगः (pitṛtulyavegaḥ) - Having speed like his father Vāyu (wind god). (having speed like his father, whose speed is equal to his father's)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पर्वतान् (parvatān) - mountains

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

वृक्षगणान् (vṛkṣagaṇān) - groups of trees, forests

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣagaṇa

vṛkṣagaṇa - group of trees, forest

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛkṣa+gaṇa)

• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, multitude
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

सरांसि (sarāṁsi) - lakes, ponds

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

तटाकानि (taṭākāni) - tanks, reservoirs

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of taṭāka

taṭāka - tank, pond, reservoir

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

पुरोत्तमानि (purottamāni) - excellent cities

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of purottama

purottama - best city, excellent city

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (pura+uttama)

• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

स्फीतान् (sphītān) - prosperous, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sphīta

sphīta - prosperous, abundant, swollen

Past Passive Participle

From root sphāy-

Root: sphāy (class 1)

Note: Modifies janān

जनान् (janān) - people, men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man

Note: Object of samprapaśyan

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned items or implies "those" people.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

सम्प्रपश्यन् (samprapaśyan) - observing, seeing well

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprapaśyat

samprapaśyat - observing, seeing well

Present Active Participle

From root dṛś- (paś-) with prefixes sam- and pra-

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to "saḥ"

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: gam (class 1)

वेगात् (vegāt) - with speed, quickly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force

Note: Used adverbially to mean "swiftly"

पितृतुल्यवेगः (pitṛtulyavegaḥ) - Having speed like his father Vāyu (wind god). (having speed like his father, whose speed is equal to his father's)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛtulyavega

pitṛtulyavega - whose speed is like his father's

Compound adjective referring to Hanuman

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pitṛ+tulya+vega)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• tulya – equal, similar
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to "saḥ"