वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-61, verse-44

नमस्कृत्वाथ रामाय मारुतिर्भीमविक्रमः ।
राघवार्थे परं कर्म समैहत परंतपः ॥४४॥

44. namaskṛtvātha rāmāya mārutirbhīmavikramaḥ ,
rāghavārthe paraṃ karma samaihata paraṃtapaḥ.

44. namaskṛtvā atha rāmāya mārutiḥ bhīmavikramaḥ
rāghavārthe param karma sam aihat parantapaḥ

44. atha bhīmavikramaḥ parantapaḥ mārutiḥ rāmāya
namaskṛtvā rāghavārthe param karma samaihat

44. Then, Māruti, who possessed formidable valor and was a scorcher of foes, having bowed to Rāma, undertook a great task for Rāghava's sake.

Words meanings summery:

• नमस्कृत्वा (namaskṛtvā) - having bowed, having saluted

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

• मारुतिः (mārutiḥ) - Hanuman (Māruti, son of Marut (Hanuman))

• भीमविक्रमः (bhīmavikramaḥ) - of terrible valor, of formidable might, terribly mighty

• राघवार्थे (rāghavārthe) - for Rāghava's sake, on behalf of Rāghava

• परम् (param) - supreme, great, excellent, highest

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

• सम् (sam) - together, completely, well

• ऐहत् (aihat) - he undertook (he endeavored, he strove, he desired)

• परन्तपः (parantapaḥ) - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

नमस्कृत्वा (namaskṛtvā) - having bowed, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed with 'ktvā' suffix from the root 'nam' (to bow) and 'kṛ' (to do), often treated as a compound verb or a verbal expression meaning 'to make a salutation'.

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund.

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a personal name, an incarnation of Viṣṇu); pleasing, charming, black, dark

Root: ram (class 1)

मारुतिः (mārutiḥ) - Hanuman (Māruti, son of Marut (Hanuman))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māruti

māruti - son of Marut (the wind-god); Hanuman

Derived from Marut with 'i' suffix indicating progeny.

भीमविक्रमः (bhīmavikramaḥ) - of terrible valor, of formidable might, terribly mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmavikrama

bhīmavikrama - one whose valor is terrible; of formidable prowess

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+vikrama)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'bhī' (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, might, courage, heroic stride
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kram' (to step) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mārutiḥ'.

राघवार्थे (rāghavārthe) - for Rāghava's sake, on behalf of Rāghava

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rāghavārtha

rāghavārtha - for the sake of Rāghava, on Rāghava's behalf

Compound. 'artha' in locative often used to mean 'for the sake of'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāghava+artha)

• rāghava – descendant of Raghu; Rāma
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Raghu.
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, sake
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛdh (class 5)

Note: Used adverbially.

परम् (param) - supreme, great, excellent, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, best, ultimate, next, other

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix 'man'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of the verb.

सम् (sam) - together, completely, well

(indeclinable)

Preverb, used with verbs.

Note: Upasarga for 'aihat'.

ऐहत् (aihat) - he undertook (he endeavored, he strove, he desired)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of īh

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Root 'īh' (1st class) with augment 'a' for imperfect tense. Here used with 'sam' to form 'samaihat'.

Root: īh (class 1)

परन्तपः (parantapaḥ) - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies, subduer of enemies

Compound: 'para' (enemy) + 'tapa' (causing heat/pain). Literally 'heating the other'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aluk-samāsa) (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – heat, torment, one who causes pain/heat, asceticism (tapas)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tap' (to heat, to torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mārutiḥ'.