वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-61, verse-48

स सागरं घूर्णितवीचिमालं तदा भृशं भ्रामितसर्वसत्त्वम् ।
समीक्षमाणः सहसा जगाम चक्रं यथा विष्णुकराग्रमुक्तम् ॥४८॥

48. sa sāgaraṃ ghūrṇitavīcimālaṃ tadā bhṛśaṃ bhrāmitasarvasattvam ,
samīkṣamāṇaḥ sahasā jagāma cakraṃ yathā viṣṇukarāgramuktam.

48. saḥ sāgaram ghūrṇitavīcimālam
tadā bhṛśam bhrāmitasarvasattvam
samīkṣamāṇaḥ sahasā jagāma
cakram yathā viṣṇukarāgramuktam

48. tadā saḥ ghūrṇitavīcimālam bhṛśam
bhrāmitasarvasattvam sāgaram
samīkṣamāṇaḥ sahasā jagāma
yathā viṣṇukarāgramuktam cakram

48. He then swiftly proceeded, observing the ocean whose garland of waves whirled intensely, churning all its creatures, just like a discus released from Vishnu's fingertip.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Hanumān) (he, that)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

• घूर्णितवीचिमालम् (ghūrṇitavīcimālam) - having a garland of whirling waves

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

• भ्रामितसर्वसत्त्वम् (bhrāmitasarvasattvam) - having all creatures agitated/churned

• समीक्षमाणः (samīkṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, seeing

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, swiftly, forcefully

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

• चक्रम् (cakram) - discus, wheel

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

• विष्णुकराग्रमुक्तम् (viṣṇukarāgramuktam) - released from the tip of Vishnu's hand

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Hanumān) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

घूर्णितवीचिमालम् (ghūrṇitavīcimālam) - having a garland of whirling waves

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghūrṇitavīcimāla

ghūrṇitavīcimāla - having a garland of whirling waves

Compound adjective describing the ocean

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ghūrṇita+vīci+mālā)

• ghūrṇita – whirled, agitated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ghūrṇ-
  Root: ghūrṇ (class 10)
• vīci – wave
  noun (feminine)
• mālā – garland, string, row
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies sāgaram

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable adverb of time

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, very much

(indeclinable)

Adverb

Note: Modifies bhrāmitasarvasattvam

भ्रामितसर्वसत्त्वम् (bhrāmitasarvasattvam) - having all creatures agitated/churned

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrāmitasarvasattva

bhrāmitasarvasattva - having all creatures agitated/churned

Compound adjective describing the ocean

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhrāmita+sarva+sattva)

• bhrāmita – agitated, whirled, churned
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhram-
  Root: bhram (class 1)
• sarva – all, every
  pronoun
• sattva – being, creature, essence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies sāgaram

समीक्षमाणः (samīkṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, seeing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samīkṣamāṇa

samīkṣamāṇa - observing, seeing

Present Middle Participle

From root īkṣ- with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to "saḥ"

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, swiftly, forcefully

(indeclinable)

Adverb

Note: Modifies jagāma

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

Reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: gam (class 1)

चक्रम् (cakram) - discus, wheel

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakra

cakra - discus, wheel, circle

Note: Used in simile, understood as "like a discus"

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

(indeclinable)

Adverb

Note: Introduces simile

विष्णुकराग्रमुक्तम् (viṣṇukarāgramuktam) - released from the tip of Vishnu's hand

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viṣṇukarāgramukta

viṣṇukarāgramukta - released from the tip of Vishnu's hand

Compound adjective modifying cakram

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣṇu+kara+agra+mukta)

• viṣṇu – Vishnu (a Hindu deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kara – hand
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, front, top
  noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, thrown, freed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muc-
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies cakram