महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-63

स पार्थिवो नित्यममर्षितस्तदा महारथः शिक्षितवत्परिभ्रमन् ।
अताडयत्पाण्डवमग्रतः स्थितं स विह्वलाङ्गो जगतीमुपास्पृशत् ॥६३॥

63. sa pārthivo nityamamarṣitastadā; mahārathaḥ śikṣitavatparibhraman ,
atāḍayatpāṇḍavamagrataḥ sthitaṁ; sa vihvalāṅgo jagatīmupāspṛśat.

63. saḥ pārthivaḥ nityam amarṣitaḥ tadā
mahārathaḥ śikṣitavat paribhraman
atāḍayat pāṇḍavam agrataḥ sthitam
saḥ vihvalāṅgaḥ jagatīm upāspṛśat

63. tadā saḥ pārthivaḥ mahārathaḥ nityam
amarṣitaḥ śikṣitavat paribhraman
agrataḥ sthitam pāṇḍavam atāḍayat
saḥ vihvalāṅgaḥ jagatīm upāspṛśat

63. Then that king (Duryodhana), the great chariot-warrior, perpetually enraged, moving expertly, struck the Pāṇḍava (Bhīmasena) who stood before him. Thereupon, he (Bhīmasena), with his body bewildered, touched the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Duryodhana) (king, ruler, earthly)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually (always, constantly, perpetually)

• अमर्षितः (amarṣitaḥ) - enraged (enraged, indignant, impatient)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great chariot-warrior (Duryodhana) (great chariot-warrior, great hero)

• शिक्षितवत् (śikṣitavat) - expertly, skillfully (like an instructed one, expertly, skillfully)

• परिभ्रमन् (paribhraman) - moving around (moving around, wandering around)

• अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck (struck, hit)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - the Pāṇḍava (Bhīmasena) (the Pāṇḍava)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (in front, before)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing (standing, situated, located)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bhīmasena) (he, that)

• विह्वलाङ्गः (vihvalāṅgaḥ) - with his body bewildered/shaken (with a bewildered body, having trembling limbs)

• जगतीम् (jagatīm) - the ground (the earth, ground)

• उपास्पृशत् (upāspṛśat) - touched (touched, came in contact with)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king (Duryodhana) (king, ruler, earthly)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly

from pṛthivī (earth) + -a (agent suffix)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

नित्यम् (nityam) - perpetually (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

अमर्षितः (amarṣitaḥ) - enraged (enraged, indignant, impatient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amarṣita

amarṣita - enraged, indignant, impatient

Past Passive Participle

from root mṛṣ (to bear, endure) with negative prefix a

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthivaḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great chariot-warrior (Duryodhana) (great chariot-warrior, great hero)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-warrior, great hero

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Duryodhana.

शिक्षितवत् (śikṣitavat) - expertly, skillfully (like an instructed one, expertly, skillfully)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of śikṣita (taught, instructed) + -vat (like)

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial particle.

परिभ्रमन् (paribhraman) - moving around (moving around, wandering around)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paribhramat

paribhramat - moving around, wandering around

Present Active Participle

from root bhram (to wander) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthivaḥ'.

अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck (struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of tāḍ

imperfect active 3rd singular

root tāḍ, 10th class, imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Root: taḍ (class 10)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - the Pāṇḍava (Bhīmasena) (the Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

derived from Pāṇḍu

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front (in front, before)

(indeclinable)

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing (standing, situated, located)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, located

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavam'.

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bhīmasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

विह्वलाङ्गः (vihvalāṅgaḥ) - with his body bewildered/shaken (with a bewildered body, having trembling limbs)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvalāṅga

vihvalāṅga - with a bewildered body, having trembling limbs

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vihvala+aṅga)

• vihvala – bewildered, agitated, trembling
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hval (class 1)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the subject 'saḥ' (Bhīmasena).

जगतीम् (jagatīm) - the ground (the earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jagatī

jagatī - the earth, ground

उपास्पृशत् (upāspṛśat) - touched (touched, came in contact with)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upāspṛś

imperfect active 3rd singular

root spṛś (to touch) with prefixes upa and ā, imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: spṛś (class 6)