महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-14

आविध्यन्तमभिप्रेक्ष्य धार्तराष्ट्रोऽथ पाण्डवम् ।
गदामलघुवेगां तां विस्मितः संबभूव ह ॥१४॥

14. āvidhyantamabhiprekṣya dhārtarāṣṭro'tha pāṇḍavam ,
gadāmalaghuvegāṁ tāṁ vismitaḥ saṁbabhūva ha.

14. āvidhyantam abhiprekṣya dhārtarāṣṭraḥ atha pāṇḍavam
gadām alaghūvegām tām vismitaḥ sambabhūva ha

14. atha dhārtarāṣṭraḥ tām alaghūvegām gadām āvidhyantam
pāṇḍavam abhiprekṣya vismitaḥ sambabhūva ha

14. Then, seeing that Pāṇḍava (Bhīmasena) whirling the swiftly-moving mace, the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana) was indeed astonished.

Words meanings summery:

• आविध्यन्तम् (āvidhyantam) - whirling the mace (whirling, swinging, striking)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Bhīmasena (the son of Pāṇḍu)

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• अलघूवेगाम् (alaghūvegām) - of swift speed, not of small speed

• ताम् (tām) - that (mace) (that, her)

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed, surprised

• सम्बभूव (sambabhūva) - became, occurred, happened

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

आविध्यन्तम् (āvidhyantam) - whirling the mace (whirling, swinging, striking)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvidhyat

āvidhyat - whirling, swinging, striking (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'vyadh' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vyadh (class 4)

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'īkṣ' with prefixes 'abhi' and 'pra'.

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a proper name, e.g., Duryodhana)

A patronymic formed from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Bhīmasena (the son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu (a proper name, e.g., Bhīmasena)

A patronymic formed from Pāṇḍu.

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

अलघूवेगाम् (alaghūvegām) - of swift speed, not of small speed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of alaghūvega

alaghūvega - of swift speed, not of small speed, rapid

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+laghu+vega)

• a – not, un-, in- (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• laghu – small, light, swift
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)

ताम् (tām) - that (mace) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished, amazed, surprised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vismita

vismita - astonished, amazed, surprised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'smi' (to smile, wonder) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

सम्बभूव (sambabhūva) - became, occurred, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of sam-bhū

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice. Derived from root 'bhū' with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)