महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-57

ततः स भरतश्रेष्ठो गदापाणिरभिद्रवत् ।
प्रमथिष्यन्निव शिरो भीमसेनस्य संयुगे ॥५७॥

57. tataḥ sa bharataśreṣṭho gadāpāṇirabhidravat ,
pramathiṣyanniva śiro bhīmasenasya saṁyuge.

57. tataḥ saḥ bharataśreṣṭha gadāpāṇiḥ abhidravat
pramathiṣyan iva śiraḥ bhīmasenasya saṃyuge

57. tataḥ bharataśreṣṭha saḥ gadāpāṇiḥ saṃyuge
bhīmasenasya śiraḥ pramathiṣyan iva abhidravat

57. Then, O best of the Bhāratas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), he (Duryodhana), mace in hand, rushed forward in battle as if he would crush Bhīmasena's head.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that

• सः (saḥ) - Duryodhana (he, that)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas)

• गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - Duryodhana, who has a mace in hand (mace-in-hand)

• अभिद्रवत् (abhidravat) - he rushed, ran towards

• प्रमथिष्यन् (pramathiṣyan) - intending to crush, wishing to destroy

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - Duryodhana (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to Duryodhana

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O best of Bharatas)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of an ancient king
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra

गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - Duryodhana, who has a mace in hand (mace-in-hand)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gadāpāṇi

gadāpāṇi - one who has a mace in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+pāṇi)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana

अभिद्रवत् (abhidravat) - he rushed, ran towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect Tense

from abhi-dru + laṅ (parasmaipada, 3rd singular)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

प्रमथिष्यन् (pramathiṣyan) - intending to crush, wishing to destroy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramathiṣyat

pramathiṣyat - intending to crush

Future Active Participle

from pra-math + syatṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 9)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (proper name)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)