महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-26

आविध्यन्तं गदां दृष्ट्वा भीमसेनं तवात्मजः ।
समुद्यम्य गदां घोरां प्रत्यविध्यदरिंदमः ॥२६॥

26. āvidhyantaṁ gadāṁ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenaṁ tavātmajaḥ ,
samudyamya gadāṁ ghorāṁ pratyavidhyadariṁdamaḥ.

26. āvidhyantam gadāṃ dṛṣṭvā bhīmasenaṃ tava ātmajaḥ
samudyamya gadāṃ ghorāṃ pratyavidhyat ariṃdamaḥ

26. tava ātmajaḥ ariṃdamaḥ bhīmasenaṃ gadāṃ āvidhyantam
dṛṣṭvā ghorāṃ gadāṃ samudyamya pratyavidhyat

26. Having seen Bhīmasena whirling his mace, your son, O subduer of enemies, also raised his dreadful mace and struck back.

Words meanings summery:

• आविध्यन्तम् (āvidhyantam) - whirling, brandishing

• गदां (gadāṁ) - mace

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers (accusative case) (Bhimasena)

• तव (tava) - your

• आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• समुद्यम्य (samudyamya) - having raised, having lifted up

• गदां (gadāṁ) - mace

• घोरां (ghorāṁ) - dreadful, terrible

• प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - struck back, attacked in return

• अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - an epithet for your son (Duryodhana) (subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

आविध्यन्तम् (āvidhyantam) - whirling, brandishing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvidhyant

āvidhyant - whirling, brandishing

Present Active Participle

From root vidh (to pierce, whirl) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: vidh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmasenam.

गदां (gadāṁ) - mace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Object of āvidhyantam.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers (accusative case) (Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava brother)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, self-born

From ātman (self) + jan (to be born)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, supreme spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born from
  adjective
  Suffix -ja from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

समुद्यम्य (samudyamya) - having raised, having lifted up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle from root yam (to hold, restrain) with upasargas sam- and ud-

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: yam (class 1)

गदां (gadāṁ) - mace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Object of samudyamya.

घोरां (ghorāṁ) - dreadful, terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghorā

ghorā - dreadful, terrible, formidable, awful (feminine form of ghora)

Note: Agrees with gadām.

प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - struck back, attacked in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of vidh

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: vidh (class 4)

Note: Parasmaipada form. The upasargas prati and ā combine to mean 'back' or 'in return'.

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - an epithet for your son (Duryodhana) (subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, enemy-tamer

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• dama – taming, subduing
  noun
  From root dam
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Epithet for Duryodhana, agreeing with ātmajaḥ.