महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-23

तथा तु चरतस्तस्य भीमस्य रणमूर्धनि ।
दुर्योधनो महाराज पार्श्वदेशेऽभ्यताडयत् ॥२३॥

23. tathā tu caratastasya bhīmasya raṇamūrdhani ,
duryodhano mahārāja pārśvadeśe'bhyatāḍayat.

23. tathā tu carataḥ tasya bhīmasya raṇamūrdhani
duryodhanaḥ mahārāja pārśvadeśe abhyatāḍayat

23. mahārāja tathā tu raṇamūrdhani carataḥ tasya
bhīmasya duryodhanaḥ pārśvadeśe abhyatāḍayat

23. Thus, while Bhima was maneuvering in the thick of battle, O great king, Duryodhana struck him on his flank.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• चरतः (carataḥ) - as he was moving (moving, maneuvering, performing)

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima

• रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - in the forefront of battle, in the midst of battle

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पार्श्वदेशे (pārśvadeśe) - on the side, in the side region, on the flank

• अभ्यताडयत् (abhyatāḍayat) - he struck, he hit

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

चरतः (carataḥ) - as he was moving (moving, maneuvering, performing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of carant

carant - moving, walking, going, performing

Present Active Participle

Genitive singular of the present active participle from root car (to move)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Present active participle, genitive singular, agreeing with 'tasya bhīmasya'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a name, one of the Pāṇḍavas)

रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - in the forefront of battle, in the midst of battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇamūrdhan

raṇamūrdhan - head of battle, forefront of battle, critical point of engagement

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+mūrdhan)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• mūrdhan – head, top, peak, forefront
  noun (masculine)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, son of Dhritarashtra)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पार्श्वदेशे (pārśvadeśe) - on the side, in the side region, on the flank

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pārśvadeśa

pārśvadeśa - side region, flank

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pārśva+deśa)

• pārśva – side, flank, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
• deśa – region, place, country
  noun (masculine)

अभ्यताडयत् (abhyatāḍayat) - he struck, he hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of tāḍ

Root: taḍ (class 10)

Note: Imperfect past tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, with upasarga abhi-.