महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-40

स सव्यं मण्डलं राजन्नुद्भ्राम्य कृतनिश्चयः ।
आजघ्ने मूर्ध्नि कौन्तेयं गदया भीमवेगया ॥४०॥

40. sa savyaṁ maṇḍalaṁ rājannudbhrāmya kṛtaniścayaḥ ,
ājaghne mūrdhni kaunteyaṁ gadayā bhīmavegayā.

40. saḥ savyam maṇḍalam rājan udbhrāmya kṛtaniścayaḥ
ājaghne mūrdhni kaunteyam gadayā bhīmavegayā

40. rājan saḥ kṛtaniścayaḥ savyam maṇḍalam udbhrāmya
kaunteyam mūrdhni bhīmavegayā gadayā ājaghne

40. O King, having made a firm resolve, he whirled [his mace] in a leftward circle and struck Kunti's son (Bhima) on the head with a mace of terrible force.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• सव्यम् (savyam) - left, left-hand

• मण्डलम् (maṇḍalam) - circle, disc, orb, region

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• उद्भ्राम्य (udbhrāmya) - having whirled, having rotated

• कृतनिश्चयः (kṛtaniścayaḥ) - having made a resolve, determined, resolute

• आजघ्ने (ājaghne) - struck, hit

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

• कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Bhima (Kunti's son)

• गदया (gadayā) - with a mace

• भीमवेगया (bhīmavegayā) - with terrible speed/force

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सव्यम् (savyam) - left, left-hand

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of savya

savya - left, left-hand, auspicious

मण्डलम् (maṇḍalam) - circle, disc, orb, region

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maṇḍala

maṇḍala - circle, disc, orb, sphere, region

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उद्भ्राम्य (udbhrāmya) - having whirled, having rotated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive formed with suffix -ya after verb with prefix 'ud'.

Prefix: ud

Root: bhram (class 1)

कृतनिश्चयः (kṛtaniścayaḥ) - having made a resolve, determined, resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtaniścaya

kṛtaniścaya - one whose resolve is made, determined, resolute

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (kṛta+niścaya)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ with suffix -ta.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• niścaya – determination, resolve, certainty
  noun (masculine)

आजघ्ने (ājaghne) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (Liṭ) of √han

Perfect (Liṭ) ātmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

कौन्तेयम् (kaunteyam) - Bhima (Kunti's son)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (referring to any of the Pandavas: Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Derivative of Kunti (Kunti + ḍhak)

गदया (gadayā) - with a mace

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

भीमवेगया (bhīmavegayā) - with terrible speed/force

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhīmavega

bhīmavega - having terrible speed or force, impetuous

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bhīma+vega)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, fearful
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impetus
  noun (masculine)