महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-56, verse-55

तेषां तु निनदं श्रुत्वा सृञ्जयानां नरर्षभः ।
अमर्षाद्भरतश्रेष्ठ पुत्रस्ते समकुप्यत ॥५५॥

55. teṣāṁ tu ninadaṁ śrutvā sṛñjayānāṁ nararṣabhaḥ ,
amarṣādbharataśreṣṭha putraste samakupyata.

55. teṣām tu ninadam śrutvā sṛñjayānām nararṣabhaḥ
amarṣāt bharataśreṣṭha putraḥ te samakupyata

55. tu teṣām sṛñjayānām ninadam śrutvā te putraḥ
nararṣabhaḥ bharataśreṣṭhaḥ amarṣāt samakupyata

55. But, having heard the roar of those Sṛñjayas, your son, the best among men, the best of the Bhāratas, became enraged out of indignation.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Sṛñjayas) (of them, their)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• निनदम् (ninadam) - the roar, the sound

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• सृञ्जयानाम् (sṛñjayānām) - of the Sṛñjayas

• नरर्षभः (nararṣabhaḥ) - Duryodhana, the best among men (bull among men, best among men)

• अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - out of indignation, from intolerance, due to wrath

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - Duryodhana, the best of the Bhāratas (best of the Bhāratas)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• ते (te) - your, of you

• समकुप्यत (samakupyata) - he became angry, he was enraged

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Sṛñjayas) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Genitive plural masculine/neuter form of 'tad'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

निनदम् (ninadam) - the roar, the sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - roar, sound, cry

Accusative singular form.

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Formed from root śru with suffix -tvā, indicating 'having done' the action.

Root: śru (class 5)

सृञ्जयानाम् (sṛñjayānām) - of the Sṛñjayas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - the Sṛñjayas (a confederacy of ancient Indian tribes/people allied with the Pāṇḍavas)

Genitive plural form.

Note: Relates to 'ninadam'.

नरर्षभः (nararṣabhaḥ) - Duryodhana, the best among men (bull among men, best among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - chief of men, best of men

Compound noun (tatpuruṣa), nominative singular form. Ṛṣabha meaning 'bull' is metaphorically used for 'best'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, person, human
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

अमर्षात् (amarṣāt) - out of indignation, from intolerance, due to wrath

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, impatience, wrath, intolerance

Ablative singular form.

Prefix: a

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause of anger.

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - Duryodhana, the best of the Bhāratas (best of the Bhāratas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of the Bhāratas (a title for noble warriors)

Compound noun, nominative singular form.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Nominative singular form.

Note: Subject of 'samakupyata'.

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular enclitic form of 'you' (similar to tava).

Note: Possessive, refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

समकुप्यत (samakupyata) - he became angry, he was enraged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of samkup

Imperfect, third person singular, middle voice. The 'a' prefix indicates past tense (laṅ).

Prefix: sam

Root: kup (class 4)