महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-30, verse-59

सूच्यग्रेणापि यद्भूमेरपि ध्रीयेत भारत ।
तन्मात्रमपि नो मह्यं न ददाति पुरा भवान् ॥५९॥

59. sūcyagreṇāpi yadbhūmerapi dhrīyeta bhārata ,
tanmātramapi no mahyaṁ na dadāti purā bhavān.

59. sūcyagreṇa api yat bhūmeḥ api dhrīyeta bhārata
tat mātram api naḥ mahyam na dadāti purā bhavān

59. bhārata bhavān purā sūcyagreṇa api yat bhūmeḥ
api dhrīyeta tat mātram api naḥ mahyam na dadāti

59. O descendant of Bharata, previously you would not grant even to us, nor even to me personally, that minute amount of land which could be held on the tip of a needle.

Words meanings summery:

• सूच्यग्रेण (sūcyagreṇa) - by the tip of a needle

• अपि (api) - even, also

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth, of the land

• अपि (api) - even, also

• ध्रीयेत (dhrīyeta) - might be held, could be supported

• भारत (bhārata) - O Duryodhana (O descendant of Bharata)

• तत् (tat) - that, such

• मात्रम् (mātram) - that minute amount (amount, measure, only)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• नः (naḥ) - to us Pāṇḍavas (to us)

• मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me personally (the speaker) (to me)

• न (na) - not

• ददाति (dadāti) - gives, grants

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, before

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (Duryodhana) (your honor, you)

Words meanings and morphology

सूच्यग्रेण (sūcyagreṇa) - by the tip of a needle

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sūcyagra

sūcyagra - needle-point, tip of a needle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūci+agra)

• sūci – needle
  noun (feminine)
• agra – tip, point, front
  noun (neuter)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, that, what

Note: Used here as a relative pronoun referring to "tat mātram".

भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of the earth, of the land

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the smallness of the land.

ध्रीयेत (dhrīyeta) - might be held, could be supported

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (liṅ) of dhṛ

optative passive

Root dhṛ (class 1, 9, 10); passive form dhrīyate, here optative third person singular.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Duryodhana (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Note: Referring to Duryodhana.

तत् (tat) - that, such

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to the 'yat' clause, indicating "that much".

मात्रम् (mātram) - that minute amount (amount, measure, only)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mātra

mātra - measure, amount, size, only, merely

Note: Functions adverbially with 'tat'.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes "even that much".

नः (naḥ) - to us Pāṇḍavas (to us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas collectively.

मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me personally (the speaker) (to me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Refers to the speaker personally.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'dadāti'.

ददाति (dadāti) - gives, grants

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

present active indicative

Root dā (class 3, reduplicated), third person singular.

Root: dā (class 3)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates past action.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (Duryodhana) (your honor, you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite address), being, existing

present active participle

From root bhū, present active participle, nominative singular masculine.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'dadāti'.