महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-30, verse-39

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आश्वस्ता एव सर्वे स्म चिरं त्वां मृगयामहे ।
तदिदानीं समुत्तिष्ठ युध्यस्वेह सुयोधन ॥३९॥

39. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
āśvastā eva sarve sma ciraṁ tvāṁ mṛgayāmahe ,
tadidānīṁ samuttiṣṭha yudhyasveha suyodhana.

39. Yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca āśvastāḥ eva sarve smaḥ ciram tvām
mṛgayāmahe tat idānīm samuttiṣṭha yudhyasva iha Suyodhana

39. Yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca Suyodhana,
sarve eva āśvastāḥ smaḥ Ciram tvām mṛgayāmahe Tat idānīm iha samuttiṣṭha yudhyasva

39. Yudhishthira said: "All of us are indeed reassured; we have been searching for you for a long time. Therefore, rise up now, Suyodhana, and fight here!"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आश्वस्ताः (āśvastāḥ) - reassured, comforted

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• स्मः (smaḥ) - we are

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• मृगयामहे (mṛgayāmahe) - we are searching, we have been searching

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that, so

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

• समुत्तिष्ठ (samuttiṣṭha) - stand up, rise up

• युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• सुयोधन (suyodhana) - Suyodhana (another name for Duryodhana)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Yudhiṣṭhira

Yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular, root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

आश्वस्ताः (āśvastāḥ) - reassured, comforted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśvasta

āśvasta - reassured, comforted, confident

past passive participle

Past passive participle from ā-śvas

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Acts as a predicate adjective.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Refers to the Pandavas and their allies.

स्मः (smaḥ) - we are

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (lat) of as

Present active 1st person plural

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Implicitly forms the verb "are" with āśvastāḥ.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter used as an adverb.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

2nd person singular pronoun

Note: Object of mṛgayāmahe.

मृगयामहे (mṛgayāmahe) - we are searching, we have been searching

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (lat) of mṛg

Present middle (ātmanepada) 1st person plural

Root: mṛg (class 10)

Note: The use of the present tense with ciram often implies a continuous action that has been going on for a long time.

तत् (tat) - therefore, that, so

(indeclinable)

Neuter nominative/accusative singular, often used as an indeclinable 'therefore'

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

(indeclinable)

समुत्तिष्ठ (samuttiṣṭha) - stand up, rise up

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of samuttiṣṭh

Imperative 2nd person singular, from sam-ud-sthā

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of yudh

Imperative 2nd person singular, from root yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

सुयोधन (suyodhana) - Suyodhana (another name for Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Suyodhana

Suyodhana - Suyodhana (a name for Duryodhana, 'easy to fight')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+yodhana)

• su – good, well, easy
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'good' or 'easy'
• yodhana – fighter, fighting
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)