महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-30, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततस्तेष्वपयातेषु रथेषु त्रिषु पाण्डवाः ।
तं ह्रदं प्रत्यपद्यन्त यत्र दुर्योधनोऽभवत् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tatasteṣvapayāteṣu ratheṣu triṣu pāṇḍavāḥ ,
taṁ hradaṁ pratyapadyanta yatra duryodhano'bhavat.

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ teṣu apayāteṣu ratheṣu triṣu pāṇḍavāḥ
tam hradam pratyapadyanta yatra duryodhanaḥ abhavat

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ teṣu triṣu ratheṣu apayāteṣu pāṇḍavāḥ
yatra duryodhanaḥ abhavat tam hradam pratyapadyanta

1. Saṃjaya said: 'Then, after those three chariots had departed, the Pāṇḍavas went towards that lake where Duryodhana was located.'

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those, among those, upon those

• अपयातेषु (apayāteṣu) - having departed, having gone away

• रथेषु (ratheṣu) - in chariots, among chariots

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three, among three

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

• तम् (tam) - that

• ह्रदम् (hradam) - lake, pool

• प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they approached, they entered, they went towards

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became, happened

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Saṃjaya (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (a proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

तेषु (teṣu) - in those, among those, upon those

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with 'apayāteṣu ratheṣu'.

अपयातेषु (apayāteṣu) - having departed, having gone away

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of apayāta

apayāta - departed, gone away

Past Passive Participle

From root √yā (to go) with prefix apa + kta suffix.

Prefix: apa

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction: 'when those chariots had departed'.

रथेषु (ratheṣu) - in chariots, among chariots

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Note: Part of locative absolute construction with 'teṣu apayāteṣu'.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three, among three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'ratheṣu'.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to 'hradām'.

ह्रदम् (hradam) - lake, pool

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hrada

hrada - lake, pool, deep part of a river

Note: Object of 'pratyapadyanta'.

प्रत्यपद्यन्त (pratyapadyanta) - they approached, they entered, they went towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √pad

Imperfect Active

From root √pad with prefixes prati + apa. 3rd person plural.

Prefixes: prati+apa

Root: pad (class 4)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name)

अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √bhū

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)