महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-30, verse-52

यदि चापि समर्थः स्यास्त्वं दानाय सुयोधन ।
नाहमिच्छेयमवनिं त्वया दत्तां प्रशासितुम् ॥५२॥

52. yadi cāpi samarthaḥ syāstvaṁ dānāya suyodhana ,
nāhamiccheyamavaniṁ tvayā dattāṁ praśāsitum.

52. yadi ca api samarthaḥ syāḥ tvam dānāya suyodhana
| na aham iccheyam avanim tvayā dattām praśāsitum

52. suyodhana yadi ca api tvam dānāya samarthaḥ syāḥ
aham tvayā dattām avanim praśāsitum na iccheyam

52. Even if you, Suyodhana, were capable of giving (the kingdom), I would not wish to rule the earth (kingdom) that was given by you.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able, competent

• स्याः (syāḥ) - you would be, you should be

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Suyodhana/Duryodhana) (you)

• दानाय (dānāya) - for the purpose of giving (the kingdom) (for giving, for a gift)

• सुयोधन (suyodhana) - O Suyodhana (an alternative name for Duryodhana) (O Suyodhana)

• न (na) - not, no

• अहम् (aham) - I (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (I)

• इच्छेयम् (iccheyam) - I would wish, I would desire

• अवनिम् (avanim) - the kingdom (the earth, the land, the kingdom)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (referring to Suyodhana/Duryodhana) (by you)

• दत्ताम् (dattām) - given, granted

• प्रशासितुम् (praśāsitum) - to rule, to govern

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable, able, competent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samartha

samartha - capable, able, competent, strong

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

स्याः (syāḥ) - you would be, you should be

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √as

Optative Active

Root as, optative mood, 2nd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Suyodhana/Duryodhana) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

दानाय (dānāya) - for the purpose of giving (the kingdom) (for giving, for a gift)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, a gift, donation (dāna)

Root: dā (class 3)

सुयोधन (suyodhana) - O Suyodhana (an alternative name for Duryodhana) (O Suyodhana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Suyodhana (an alternative name for Duryodhana, meaning 'good fighter')

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (referring to Yudhiṣṭhira) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

इच्छेयम् (iccheyam) - I would wish, I would desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of √iṣ

Optative Active

Root iṣ, optative mood, 1st person singular

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अवनिम् (avanim) - the kingdom (the earth, the land, the kingdom)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avani

avani - earth, ground, land, kingdom

Note: Contextually refers to the kingdom.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (referring to Suyodhana/Duryodhana) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

दत्ताम् (dattām) - given, granted

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, presented

Past Passive Participle

From root √dā 'to give', with suffix -ta.

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रशासितुम् (praśāsitum) - to rule, to govern

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root √śās 'to rule' with prefix pra- and suffix -tum.

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.