महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-30, verse-34

एष ते प्रथमो धर्मः सृष्टो धात्रा महात्मना ।
तं कुरुष्व यथातथ्यं राजा भव महारथ ॥३४॥

34. eṣa te prathamo dharmaḥ sṛṣṭo dhātrā mahātmanā ,
taṁ kuruṣva yathātathyaṁ rājā bhava mahāratha.

34. eṣaḥ te prathamaḥ dharmaḥ sṛṣṭaḥ dhātrā mahātmanā
tam kuruṣva yathātathyam rājā bhava mahāratha

34. mahāratha eṣaḥ te prathamaḥ dharmaḥ dhātrā
mahātmanā sṛṣṭaḥ tam yathātathyam kuruṣva rājā bhava

34. This is your foremost intrinsic nature (dharma), created by the great-souled Creator. Fulfill that truly; be a king, O great charioteer!

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, this one)

• ते (te) - your (your, of you)

• प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - foremost (first, foremost, principal)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue)

• सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created, ordained (created, emitted, ordained)

• धात्रा (dhātrā) - by the Creator (by the Creator, by the arranger, by Brahma)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (by the great-souled one, by the magnanimous one)

• तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (that)

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - fulfill, perform (do, perform, make)

• यथातथ्यम् (yathātathyam) - truly (truly, properly, as it is, factually)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• भव (bhava) - be, become (be, become, exist)

• महारथ (mahāratha) - O great charioteer (O great charioteer, O warrior of a great chariot)

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

ते (te) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Note: Enclitic form of genitive/dative singular.

प्रथमः (prathamaḥ) - foremost (first, foremost, principal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, chief, primary

Ordinal number.

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Masculine nominative singular, agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature (dharma) (constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support) with suffix '-ma'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created, ordained (created, emitted, ordained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sṛṣṭa

sṛṣṭa - created, produced, released, sent, ordained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sṛj' (to create, emit).

Root: sṛj (class 6)

धात्रा (dhātrā) - by the Creator (by the Creator, by the arranger, by Brahma)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhātṛ

dhātṛ - creator, establisher, supporter, Brahma

Agent noun from root 'dhā' (to place, create).

Root: dhā (class 3)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one (by the great-souled one, by the magnanimous one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble, the Supreme Being

Compound of 'mahat' (great) and 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'mah' (to be great).
  Root: mah (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dhātrā'.

तम् (tam) - that (dharma) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - fulfill, perform (do, perform, make)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative, Middle voice

From root 'kṛ' (to do), class 8.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यथातथ्यम् (yathātathyam) - truly (truly, properly, as it is, factually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of 'yathātathya'.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tathya)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• tathya – true, real, actual, reality
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'tat' (that).

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Root: rāj (class 1)

भव (bhava) - be, become (be, become, exist)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative, Active voice

From root 'bhū' (to be), class 1.

Root: bhū (class 1)

महारथ (mahāratha) - O great charioteer (O great charioteer, O warrior of a great chariot)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a warrior who fights from a great chariot

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'ratha' (chariot).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ram' (to delight) or 'rā' (to give).

Note: Calling out to Duryodhana.