महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-29, verse-48

ज्ञातः पापो धार्तराष्ट्रो दृष्टश्चेत्यसकृद्रणे ।
प्राक्रोशन्सोमकास्तत्र हृष्टरूपाः समन्ततः ॥४८॥

48. jñātaḥ pāpo dhārtarāṣṭro dṛṣṭaścetyasakṛdraṇe ,
prākrośansomakāstatra hṛṣṭarūpāḥ samantataḥ.

48. jñātaḥ pāpaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ dṛṣṭaḥ ca iti asakṛt
raṇe prākrośan somakāḥ tatra hṛṣṭarūpāḥ samantataḥ

48. tatra jñātaḥ pāpaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ ca asakṛt raṇe
dṛṣṭaḥ iti hṛṣṭarūpāḥ somakāḥ samantataḥ prākrośan

48. Thinking, 'The wicked son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra has been identified and seen, even repeatedly in battle,' the Somakas, looking joyful, cried out from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञातः (jñātaḥ) - identified (as Duryodhana) (known, recognized, identified)

• पापः (pāpaḥ) - the wicked one (Duryodhana) (wicked, evil, sinful; wicked one, sinner)

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed

• च (ca) - and, also

• इति (iti) - introducing a direct quote or thought (thus, so, thinking)

• असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, frequently, not once

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• प्राक्रोशन् (prākrośan) - they cried out, they shouted

• सोमकाः (somakāḥ) - the Somakas, allies of the Pandavas (the Somakas (a tribe, often associated with the Panchalas))

• तत्र (tatra) - at the lake (there, in that place)

• हृष्टरूपाः (hṛṣṭarūpāḥ) - of joyful appearance, with exultant forms

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञातः (jñātaḥ) - identified (as Duryodhana) (known, recognized, identified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñāta

jñāta - known, understood, recognized

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know) with suffix -kta (passive participle)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

पापः (pāpaḥ) - the wicked one (Duryodhana) (wicked, evil, sinful; wicked one, sinner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - wicked, evil, sinful (adj); sin, wickedness (n)

Note: Subject of the 'iti' clause, refers to Duryodhana.

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - a descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Patronymic formation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Subject of the 'iti' clause, refers to Duryodhana.

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -kta (passive participle)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'jñātaḥ' and 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.

इति (iti) - introducing a direct quote or thought (thus, so, thinking)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the reported speech/thought.

असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, frequently, not once

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the location where he was seen.

प्राक्रोशन् (prākrośan) - they cried out, they shouted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kruś

Prefix: pra

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'somakāḥ'.

सोमकाः (somakāḥ) - the Somakas, allies of the Pandavas (the Somakas (a tribe, often associated with the Panchalas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - name of a people or tribe, often identified with the Pañcālas

Note: Subject of 'prākrośan'.

तत्र (tatra) - at the lake (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'prākrośan'.

हृष्टरूपाः (hṛṣṭarūpāḥ) - of joyful appearance, with exultant forms

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭarūpa

hṛṣṭarūpa - of joyful appearance, with a cheerful countenance

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛṣṭa+rūpa)

• hṛṣṭa – delighted, joyful, exultant
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hṛṣ (to rejoice) with suffix -kta
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• rūpa – form, appearance, shape, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'somakāḥ'.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

Derived from samanta (all-sided, complete) with suffix -tas

Note: Modifies 'prākrośan'.