महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-29, verse-18

संजय उवाच ।
एवमुक्तोऽब्रवीद्द्रौणी राजानं युद्धदुर्मदम् ।
उत्तिष्ठ राजन्भद्रं ते विजेष्यामो रणे परान् ॥१८॥

18. saṁjaya uvāca ,
evamukto'bravīddrauṇī rājānaṁ yuddhadurmadam ,
uttiṣṭha rājanbhadraṁ te vijeṣyāmo raṇe parān.

18. sañjayaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ abravīt drauṇiḥ rājānam
yuddhadurmadam uttiṣṭha rājan bhadram te vijeshyāmaḥ raṇe parān

18. sañjayaḥ uvāca.
evam uktaḥ drauṇiḥ yuddhadurmadam rājānam abravīt: rājan,
uttiṣṭha! te bhadram.
raṇe parān vijeshyāmaḥ.

18. Sanjaya said: Thus addressed, Droṇi (Aśvatthāmā) spoke to the king, who was intoxicated by battle: 'Arise, O King! May good fortune be with you. We shall surely conquer our enemies in battle.'

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (Droṇi (son of Droṇa))

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

• युद्धदुर्मदम् (yuddhadurmadam) - maddened by battle, intoxicated by war

• उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - arise, stand up

• राजन् (rājan) - O King!

• भद्रम् (bhadram) - welfare, good fortune, well-being

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• विजेस्ह्यामः (vijeshyāmaḥ) - we shall conquer, we will overcome

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• परान् (parān) - enemies, adversaries, others

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Third person singular perfect active.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, uttered

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'drauṇiḥ'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

Third person singular imperfect active.

Root: brū (class 2)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (Droṇi (son of Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

Patronymic from Droṇa.

राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Stem ends in -an.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

युद्धदुर्मदम् (yuddhadurmadam) - maddened by battle, intoxicated by war

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - maddened by battle, fiercely passionate for war, intoxicated by conflict

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, war, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – hard to subdue, unruly, arrogant, intoxicated, maddened
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of dur (bad, difficult) + mada (intoxication, pride).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānam'.

उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - arise, stand up

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ut-sthā

Imperative

Second person singular imperative active, from root sthā with upasarga ut.

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Vocative singular.

Root: rāj (class 1)

भद्रम् (bhadram) - welfare, good fortune, well-being

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - auspicious, good, fortunate, welfare, well-being

In neuter singular, often used as an exclamation of blessing ('May good be to you').

Note: Often implied as 'May there be good fortune'.

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Enclitic form of the second person pronoun.

Note: In this context, functions as dative 'to you / for you'.

विजेस्ह्यामः (vijeshyāmaḥ) - we shall conquer, we will overcome

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of vi-ji

Future Tense

First person plural future active, from root ji with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

परान् (parān) - enemies, adversaries, others

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, enemy, distant, supreme

Often used as a noun meaning 'enemy' in plural.

Note: Object of 'vijeshyāmaḥ'.