महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-7

अथ वैकर्तनं कर्णं रणे क्रुद्धमिवान्तकम् ।
रुरुधुः पाण्डुपाञ्चाला व्याधिं मन्त्रौषधैरिव ॥७॥

7. atha vaikartanaṁ karṇaṁ raṇe kruddhamivāntakam ,
rurudhuḥ pāṇḍupāñcālā vyādhiṁ mantrauṣadhairiva.

7. atha vaikartanam karṇam raṇe kruddham iva antakam
rurudhuḥ pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ vyādhim mantrauṣadhaiḥ iva

7. atha pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ raṇe kruddham antakam iva
vaikartanam karṇam vyādhim mantrauṣadhaiḥ iva rurudhuḥ

7. Then, in battle, the Pandavas and Panchalas checked Karna, the son of Vikartana, who was enraged like the god of death, just as one checks a disease with incantations (mantra) and medicines.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - Indicates the sequence of events, a transition. (then, now, moreover)

• वैकर्तनम् (vaikartanam) - An epithet for Karna, indicating his divine parentage. (son of Vikartana (Sūrya), related to Vikartana)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - The target of the Pandavas' and Panchalas' action. (Karna (accusative))

• रणे (raṇe) - The setting for Karna's rage and the Pandavas' action. (in battle, in combat)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - Describes Karna's state in battle. (enraged, furious, angry)

• इव (iva) - Introduces the comparison of Karna to Antaka. (like, as if, as)

• अन्तकम् (antakam) - Karna's fury is likened to the destructive power of death itself. (the ender, the god of death (Yama))

• रुरुधुः (rurudhuḥ) - The main action performed by the Pandavas and Panchalas. (they obstructed, checked, besieged, stopped)

• पाण्डुपाञ्चालाः (pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ) - The combined forces that opposed Karna. (Pandavas and Panchalas)

• व्याधिम् (vyādhim) - The object of comparison for Karna, implying he was a destructive force to be contained. (a disease, sickness)

• मन्त्रौषधैः (mantrauṣadhaiḥ) - The means by which a disease is controlled, paralleling how Karna was checked. (with spells and medicines)

• इव (iva) - Introduces the second part of the simile. (like, as if, as)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - Indicates the sequence of events, a transition. (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

वैकर्तनम् (vaikartanam) - An epithet for Karna, indicating his divine parentage. (son of Vikartana (Sūrya), related to Vikartana)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - descendant of Vikartana (an epithet for the sun god Sūrya, hence Karna), solar

From `vikartana` (Sūrya) with `aṇ` suffix to denote 'son of'.

Note: Adjective modifying `karṇam`.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - The target of the Pandavas' and Panchalas' action. (Karna (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna

रणे (raṇe) - The setting for Karna's rage and the Pandavas' action. (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, delight, sound

From root `raṇ` (to sound, delight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - Describes Karna's state in battle. (enraged, furious, angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, furious, angry

Past Passive Participle

From root `kruudh` (to be angry) with `kta` suffix.

Root: krudh (class 4)

इव (iva) - Introduces the comparison of Karna to Antaka. (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

अन्तकम् (antakam) - Karna's fury is likened to the destructive power of death itself. (the ender, the god of death (Yama))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - causing an end, destroyer, the god of death (Yama)

From `anta` (end) + `ka` (suffix).

Note: Object of comparison.

रुरुधुः (rurudhuḥ) - The main action performed by the Pandavas and Panchalas. (they obstructed, checked, besieged, stopped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of rudh

Perfect (Lit)

Root `rudh` (to obstruct), perfect 3rd person plural.

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पाण्डुपाञ्चालाः (pāṇḍupāñcālāḥ) - The combined forces that opposed Karna. (Pandavas and Panchalas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍupāñcāla

pāṇḍupāñcāla - the Pandavas and the Panchalas (collective term)

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (pāṇḍu+pāñcāla)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (father of the Pandavas), or a Pandava
  proper noun (masculine)
  Generally refers to the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas.
• pāñcāla – Panchala (name of a country or its people, allied with Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)

व्याधिम् (vyādhim) - The object of comparison for Karna, implying he was a destructive force to be contained. (a disease, sickness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, sickness, affliction

From `vi` + `ā` + `dhā` (to place, apply, cause).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of implied `rurudhuḥ` in the simile.

मन्त्रौषधैः (mantrauṣadhaiḥ) - The means by which a disease is controlled, paralleling how Karna was checked. (with spells and medicines)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mantrauṣadha

mantrauṣadha - spells and medicines, magical remedies

Dvandva compound of `mantra` and `auṣadha`.

Compound type : dvandva (mantra+auṣadha)

• mantra – sacred utterance, incantation, hymn, counsel (mantra)
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From root `man` (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)
• auṣadha – medicine, herb, drug
  noun (neuter)
  From `oṣadhi` (herb) with `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Denotes the means for checking.

इव (iva) - Introduces the second part of the simile. (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)