महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-41

अथ प्रयान्तं राजानमन्वयुस्ते तदाच्युतम् ।
चेदिपाण्डवपाञ्चालाः सात्यकिश्च महारथः ।
द्रौपदेयास्तथा शूरा माद्रीपुत्रौ च पाण्डवौ ॥४१॥

41. atha prayāntaṁ rājānamanvayuste tadācyutam ,
cedipāṇḍavapāñcālāḥ sātyakiśca mahārathaḥ ,
draupadeyāstathā śūrā mādrīputrau ca pāṇḍavau.

41. atha prayāntam rājānam anvayuḥ te
tadā acyutam cedipāṇḍavapāñcālāḥ
sātyakiḥ ca mahārathaḥ draupadeyāḥ
tathā śūrāḥ mādrīputrau ca pāṇḍavau

41. atha tadā te cedipāṇḍavapāñcālāḥ ca
mahārathaḥ sātyakiḥ tathā śūrāḥ
draupadeyāḥ ca mādrīputrau pāṇḍavau
prayāntam rājānam acyutam anvayuḥ

41. Then, at that time, as the unwavering (acyuta) king (Karna) was departing, the Cedis, Pāṇḍavas, and Pāñcālas followed him, along with Sātyaki, the great chariot-warrior (mahāratha), and similarly, the brave sons of Draupadī, and the two Pāṇḍava sons of Mādrī.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - the king who was departing (departing, going forth)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - referring to Karna (king)

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

• ते (te) - referring to the Cedi, Pāṇḍava, Pāñcāla warriors etc. (they, those)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अच्युतम् (acyutam) - referring to Karna as 'unwavering', modifying 'king' (immutable, unwavering)

• चेदिपाण्डवपाञ्चालाः (cedipāṇḍavapāñcālāḥ) - various allied warrior groups (the Cedis, Pāṇḍavas, and Pāñcālas)

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki (a Yadava warrior)

• च (ca) - and

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior

• द्रौपदेयाः (draupadeyāḥ) - sons of Draupadī

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - referring to the Draupadeyas (brave, heroic)

• माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (the two sons of Mādrī)

• च (ca) - and

• पाण्डवौ (pāṇḍavau) - referring to Nakula and Sahadeva (the two Pāṇḍavas)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - the king who was departing (departing, going forth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayānt

prayānt - departing, going forth

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yā (to go) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

राजानम् (rājānam) - referring to Karna (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of anvi

Perfect 3rd plural active. From anu-i.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: From anu- + root i- (to go).

ते (te) - referring to the Cedi, Pāṇḍava, Pāñcāla warriors etc. (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अच्युतम् (acyutam) - referring to Karna as 'unwavering', modifying 'king' (immutable, unwavering)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - immutable, imperishable, unwavering (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

Past Passive Participle

From a- (not) + cyuta (fallen, wavered) from root cyu (to move, fall)

Prefix: a

Root: cyu (class 1)

चेदिपाण्डवपाञ्चालाः (cedipāṇḍavapāñcālāḥ) - various allied warrior groups (the Cedis, Pāṇḍavas, and Pāñcālas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cedipāṇḍavapāñcāla

cedipāṇḍavapāñcāla - Cedi, Pāṇḍava, and Pāñcāla

Compound type : dvandva (cedi+pāṇḍava+pāñcāla)

• cedi – a member of the Cedi dynasty/people
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāñcāla – a member of the Pāñcāla dynasty/people
  proper noun (masculine)

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki (a Yadava warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (name of a Yadava hero)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior who fights from a chariot, a great hero

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

द्रौपदेयाः (draupadeyāḥ) - sons of Draupadī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of draupadeya

draupadeya - son of Draupadī

Derived from Draupadī with suffix -eya

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - referring to the Draupadeyas (brave, heroic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero, warrior

माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - Nakula and Sahadeva (the two sons of Mādrī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mādrīputra

mādrīputra - son of Mādrī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Mādrī (name of one of Pāṇḍu's wives)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवौ (pāṇḍavau) - referring to Nakula and Sahadeva (the two Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu