महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-68

तेषामापततां वेगमविषह्य महात्मनाम् ।
पुत्राणां ते महत्सैन्यमासीद्राजन्पराङ्मुखम् ॥६८॥

68. teṣāmāpatatāṁ vegamaviṣahya mahātmanām ,
putrāṇāṁ te mahatsainyamāsīdrājanparāṅmukham.

68. teṣām āpatatām vegam aviṣahya mahātmanām
putrāṇām te mahat sainyam āsīt rājan parāṅmukham

68. rājan te putrāṇām mahat sainyam teṣām āpatatām
mahātmanām vegam aviṣahya parāṅmukham āsīt

68. O King, your sons' great army turned its back, unable to bear the irresistible charge of those great-souled ones (mahātmanām) who were attacking.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Pāṇḍavas) (of them, their)

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those (Pāṇḍavas) who were attacking (of those rushing, of those attacking)

• वेगम् (vegam) - speed, force, momentum, charge

• अविषह्य (aviṣahya) - unable to bear, irresistible, not having endured

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of those great-souled ones (the Pāṇḍavas) (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of your sons (the Kauravas) (of the sons)

• ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your)

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - turned away, facing backwards, fleeing

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (Pāṇḍavas) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those (Pāṇḍavas) who were attacking (of those rushing, of those attacking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, attacking, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Formed from root pat with prefix ā and śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

वेगम् (vegam) - speed, force, momentum, charge

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, force, momentum, current, impulse

अविषह्य (aviṣahya) - unable to bear, irresistible, not having endured

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) with negative prefix

Formed from root sah with prefix vi, then ya suffix for absolutive, and 'a' for negation.

Prefix: vi

Root: sah (class 1)

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of those great-souled ones (the Pāṇḍavas) (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of your sons (the Kauravas) (of the sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

yuṣmad - you

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force, host

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - turned away, facing backwards, fleeing

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face turned away, averted, fleeing, retreating

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parāñc+mukha)

• parāñc – turned away, facing away, backward
  adjective
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)