महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-37

कथं नाम कुले जातः क्षत्रधर्मे व्यवस्थितः ।
प्रजह्यात्समरे शत्रून्प्राणान्रक्षन्महाहवे ॥३७॥

37. kathaṁ nāma kule jātaḥ kṣatradharme vyavasthitaḥ ,
prajahyātsamare śatrūnprāṇānrakṣanmahāhave.

37. katham nāma kule jātaḥ kṣatradharme vyavasthitaḥ
prajahyāt samare śatrūn prāṇān rakṣan mahāhave

37. kule jātaḥ kṣatradharme vyavasthitaḥ mahāhave
prāṇān rakṣan samare śatrūn katham nāma prajahyāt

37. How, indeed, could someone born in a noble lineage and established in the natural law (dharma) of a warrior abandon his enemies in battle while protecting his own life in a great war?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, an emphatic particle

• कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

• क्षत्रधर्मे (kṣatradharme) - in the duty of a warrior, in the warrior's intrinsic nature

• व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - established, situated, engaged

• प्रजह्यात् (prajahyāt) - he should abandon, he might give up

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, vital breaths

• रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting, guarding

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in a great battle, in a great war

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by name, an emphatic particle

(indeclinable)

कुले (kule) - in a family, in a lineage

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

past passive participle

formed from jan + kta

Root: jan (class 4)

क्षत्रधर्मे (kṣatradharme) - in the duty of a warrior, in the warrior's intrinsic nature

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - duty of a warrior, intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kṣatriya

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior class, dominion, rule
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – duty, righteousness, law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - established, situated, engaged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - established, situated, engaged

past passive participle

formed from vi- + ava- + sthā + kta

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

प्रजह्यात् (prajahyāt) - he should abandon, he might give up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prahā

Optative 3rd singular active

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, vital breaths

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life

रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting, guarding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣat

rakṣat - protecting, guarding

present active participle

formed from rakṣ + śatṛ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in a great battle, in a great war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hve (class 1)