महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-4

द्रविडान्ध्रनिषादास्तु पुनः सात्यकिचोदिताः ।
अभ्यर्दयञ्जिघांसन्तः पत्तयः कर्णमाहवे ॥४॥

4. draviḍāndhraniṣādāstu punaḥ sātyakicoditāḥ ,
abhyardayañjighāṁsantaḥ pattayaḥ karṇamāhave.

4. draviḍāndhraniṣādāḥ tu punaḥ sātyakicoditāḥ
abhyardayan jighāṃsantaḥ pattayaḥ karṇam āhave

4. punaḥ draviḍāndhraniṣādāḥ pattayaḥ sātyakicoditāḥ
jighāṃsantaḥ āhave karṇam abhyardayan tu

4. Again, the Dravida, Andhra, and Niṣāda foot soldiers, urged by Sātyaki, harassed Karna in battle, intent on killing him.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रविडान्ध्रनिषादाः (draviḍāndhraniṣādāḥ) - The foot soldiers belonging to the Dravida, Andhra, and Niṣāda tribes. (Dravidas, Andhras, and Niṣādas)

• तु (tu) - Emphasizes or indicates a connection to previous events. (but, indeed, on the other hand, moreover)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Indicates repetition of the action. (again, anew, once more)

• सात्यकिचोदिताः (sātyakicoditāḥ) - The foot soldiers were prompted to action by Sātyaki. (impelled/urged by Sātyaki)

• अभ्यर्दयन् (abhyardayan) - The foot soldiers launched an assault on Karna. (they harassed, oppressed, attacked)

• जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - Their intention behind the attack was to kill Karna. (desiring to kill, intending to slay)

• पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - The main agents of the attack. (foot soldiers, infantry)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna, the target of the attack. (Karna (accusative))

• आहवे (āhave) - The location where the events unfold. (in battle, in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रविडान्ध्रनिषादाः (draviḍāndhraniṣādāḥ) - The foot soldiers belonging to the Dravida, Andhra, and Niṣāda tribes. (Dravidas, Andhras, and Niṣādas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of draviḍāndhraniṣāda

draviḍāndhraniṣāda - The Dravidas, Andhras, and Niṣādas (collective term for various peoples/tribes).

Compound type : dvandva (draviḍa+āndhra+niṣāda)

• draviḍa – Dravida (name of a people/region)
  proper noun (masculine)
• āndhra – Andhra (name of a people/region)
  proper noun (masculine)
• niṣāda – Niṣāda (name of a people/tribe, often considered aboriginal or outcaste)
  proper noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - Emphasizes or indicates a connection to previous events. (but, indeed, on the other hand, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - Indicates repetition of the action. (again, anew, once more)

(indeclinable)

Note: `r` becomes `ḥ` due to sandhi.

सात्यकिचोदिताः (sātyakicoditāḥ) - The foot soldiers were prompted to action by Sātyaki. (impelled/urged by Sātyaki)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sātyakicodita

sātyakicodita - impelled/urged by Sātyaki

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `cud` (to impel, urge) with implied instrumental `sātyaki`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sātyaki+codita)

• sātyaki – Sātyaki (a Vṛṣṇi hero, Kṛṣṇa's charioteer, and a prominent warrior on the Pāṇḍava side)
  proper noun (masculine)
• codita – urged, impelled, directed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root `cud` (to impel, urge) with the `kta` (past passive participle) suffix.
  Root: cud (class 1)

Note: It modifies `pattayaḥ` (foot soldiers).

अभ्यर्दयन् (abhyardayan) - The foot soldiers launched an assault on Karna. (they harassed, oppressed, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyard

Imperfect (Laṅ)

Root `ṛd` (to harass, afflict) with `abhi` prefix, imperfect 3rd person plural. The `a` prefix is the augment for the imperfect tense.

Prefix: abhi

Root: ṛd (class 1)

जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - Their intention behind the attack was to kill Karna. (desiring to kill, intending to slay)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṃsat

jighāṁsat - desiring to kill, intending to slay

Present Active Participle (of Desiderative)

From desiderative root `ji-ghāṃs` (to wish to kill), derived from `han` (to strike, kill), with `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies `pattayaḥ`.

पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - The main agents of the attack. (foot soldiers, infantry)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patti

patti - foot soldier, infantry

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Subject of `abhyardayan`.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna, the target of the attack. (Karna (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (son of Sūrya and Kuntī, raised by Adhiratha and Rādhā, a great warrior in the Mahābhārata)

Note: Object of `abhyardayan`.

आहवे (āhave) - The location where the events unfold. (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, combat, war, challenge

From root `hu` (to sacrifice, contend) with `ā` prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)