महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-48

उत्तिष्ठत प्रहरत प्रैताभिपततेति च ।
इति ब्रुवाणा अन्योन्यं जघ्नुर्योधा रणाजिरे ॥४८॥

48. uttiṣṭhata praharata praitābhipatateti ca ,
iti bruvāṇā anyonyaṁ jaghnuryodhā raṇājire.

48. uttiṣṭhata praharata praita abhipatata iti ca
iti bruvāṇāḥ anyonyam jaghnuḥ yodhāḥ raṇa-ājire

48. iti "uttiṣṭhata praharata praita abhipatata" ca
iti bruvāṇāḥ yodhāḥ raṇa-ājire anyonyam jaghnuḥ

48. “Stand up! Strike! Go and attack!” Saying such words to each other, the warriors fought and struck one another on the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तिष्ठत (uttiṣṭhata) - stand up, rise up, get up

• प्रहरत (praharata) - strike, hit

• प्रैत (praita) - go forth, advance

• अभिपतत (abhipatata) - attack, fall upon, rush towards

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, saying

• च (ca) - and, also

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, saying

• ब्रुवाणाः (bruvāṇāḥ) - speaking, saying

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, each other

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they struck (they struck, they killed)

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

• रण-आजिरे (raṇa-ājire) - in the battlefield, in the arena of battle

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तिष्ठत (uttiṣṭhata) - stand up, rise up, get up

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present imperative (loṭ) of uttiṣṭhat

Present Imperative

From root √sthā (to stand) with prefix ut-. Imperative 2nd person plural.

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

प्रहरत (praharata) - strike, hit

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present imperative (loṭ) of praharat

Present Imperative

From root √hṛ (to take, carry) with prefix pra-. Imperative 2nd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

प्रैत (praita) - go forth, advance

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present imperative (loṭ) of praita

Present Imperative

From root √i (to go) with prefix pra-. Imperative 2nd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

अभिपतत (abhipatata) - attack, fall upon, rush towards

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present imperative (loṭ) of abhipatat

Present Imperative

From root √pat (to fall) with prefix abhi-. Imperative 2nd person plural.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, saying

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, saying

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवाणाः (bruvāṇāḥ) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bruvāṇa

bruvāṇa - speaking, saying, telling

Present Active Participle (Middle voice)

From root √brū (to speak). Present active participle, middle voice, nominative plural masculine.

Root: brū (class 2)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, each other

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - mutual, each other, one another

Note: Though semantically plural, it often takes singular forms when indicating reciprocity.

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they struck (they struck, they killed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Active

From root √han (to strike, kill). Perfect 3rd person plural.

Root: han (class 2)

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

From root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

रण-आजिरे (raṇa-ājire) - in the battlefield, in the arena of battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of raṇa-ajira

raṇa-ajira - battlefield, arena of war

Tatpurusha compound of raṇa (battle) and ajira (courtyard, arena).

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+ajira)

• raṇa – battle, combat, war
  noun (masculine)
• ajira – courtyard, arena, field
  noun (neuter)