महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-44

युधिष्ठिरस्तु कौरव्य रथमारुह्य सत्वरः ।
श्रुतकीर्तेर्महाराज दृष्टवान्कर्णविक्रमम् ॥४४॥

44. yudhiṣṭhirastu kauravya rathamāruhya satvaraḥ ,
śrutakīrtermahārāja dṛṣṭavānkarṇavikramam.

44. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tu kauravya ratham āruhya satvaraḥ
śrutakīrteḥ mahārāja dṛṣṭavān karṇavikramam

44. kauravya mahārāja śrutakīrteḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tu
ratham āruhya satvaraḥ karṇavikramam dṛṣṭavān

44. O descendant of Kuru, O great king whose fame is heard, Yudhiṣṭhira, however, having swiftly mounted his chariot, observed the valor of Karna.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Kuru)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended, having mounted

• सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - swift, quick, speedy

• श्रुतकीर्तेः (śrutakīrteḥ) - Used here as an epithet for the addressing king Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (of renowned fame, of heard fame)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

• दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - he saw, has seen

• कर्णविक्रमम् (karṇavikramam) - Karna's valor

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

From yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-saptamī-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru

From Kuru + tavya/ṇya suffix for descendant.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

From root 'ramh' (to go, run).

Root: ramh (class 1)

आरुह्य (āruhya) - having ascended, having mounted

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From prefix ā- + root ruh (to ascend) + suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - swift, quick, speedy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satvara

satvara - swift, quick, speedy

From sa (with) + tvara (haste).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+tvara)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• tvara – haste, speed
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tvar (class 1)

श्रुतकीर्तेः (śrutakīrteḥ) - Used here as an epithet for the addressing king Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (of renowned fame, of heard fame)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śrutakīrti

śrutakīrti - of heard fame, renowned

Compound of śruta (heard) and kīrti (fame).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śruta+kīrti)

• śruta – heard, renowned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śru (to hear) + -ta suffix.
  Root: śru (class 5)
• kīrti – fame, glory
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Grammatically a genitive, but functions adjectivally with the vocative mahārāja.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rāja (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rāja – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - he saw, has seen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen, one who has seen

Past Active Participle

From root dṛś (to see) + -tavat suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Often functions as a finite verb in narrative prose.

कर्णविक्रमम् (karṇavikramam) - Karna's valor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇavikrama

karṇavikrama - Karna's valor, heroism of Karna

Compound of Karṇa (proper noun) and vikrama (valor).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (karṇa+vikrama)

• karṇa – Karna (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, heroism
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + kram (to step, stride).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)