महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-59

एवं प्रवृत्ते संग्रामे गजवाजिजनक्षये ।
सैन्ये च रजसा व्याप्ते स्वे स्वाञ्जघ्नुः परे परान् ॥५९॥

59. evaṁ pravṛtte saṁgrāme gajavājijanakṣaye ,
sainye ca rajasā vyāpte sve svāñjaghnuḥ pare parān.

59. evam pravṛtte saṃgrāme gajavājijanakṣaye ca
sainye rajasā vyāpte sve svān jaghnuḥ pare parān

59. evam saṃgrāme gajavājijanakṣaye pravṛtte ca
sainye rajasā vyāpte sve svān jaghnuḥ pare parān

59. Thus, as the battle raged, with elephants, horses, and men being annihilated, and the army entirely enveloped in dust, soldiers of the same side killed their own comrades, while the enemies killed their respective adversaries.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced, having ensued, having begun

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• गजवाजिजनक्षये (gajavājijanakṣaye) - in the destruction of elephants, horses, and men

• च (ca) - and, also

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, when the army

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, with dust

• व्याप्ते (vyāpte) - covered, pervaded, enveloped

• स्वे (sve) - their own (people/soldiers)

• स्वान् (svān) - their own (people/comrades)

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, they struck

• परे (pare) - the others, the enemies

• परान् (parān) - the others, the enemies

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced, having ensued, having begun

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, started, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt (to turn, to be) with prefix pra- and suffix -ta.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat

गजवाजिजनक्षये (gajavājijanakṣaye) - in the destruction of elephants, horses, and men

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gajavājijanakṣaya

gajavājijanakṣaya - destruction of elephants, horses, and men

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (gaja+vājin+jana+kṣaya)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• vājin – horse
  noun (masculine)
• jana – person, man, people
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, when the army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, with dust

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, gloom, passion (rajas guṇa)

व्याप्ते (vyāpte) - covered, pervaded, enveloped

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyāpta

vyāpta - covered, pervaded, spread over

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefixes vi- and ā-.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

स्वे (sve) - their own (people/soldiers)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own people

स्वान् (svān) - their own (people/comrades)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, own people

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed, they struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of han

Perfect tense form of the root han.

Root: han (class 2)

परे (pare) - the others, the enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, enemy

परान् (parān) - the others, the enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, different, enemy