महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-16

तावुभौ धर्मराजस्य प्रवीरौ परिपार्श्वतः ।
रथाभ्याशे चकाशेते चन्द्रस्येव पुनर्वसू ॥१६॥

16. tāvubhau dharmarājasya pravīrau paripārśvataḥ ,
rathābhyāśe cakāśete candrasyeva punarvasū.

16. tau ubhau dharmarājasya pravīrau paripārśvataḥ
rathābhyāśe cakāśete candrasya iva punarvasū

16. dharmarājasya tau ubhau pravīrau rathābhyāśe
paripārśvataḥ candrasya iva punarvasū cakāśete

16. Those two excellent heroes, standing on both sides of the king of righteousness (dharma) near his chariot, shone brightly like the Punarvasu stars shine alongside the Moon.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of the king of righteousness, of Yudhiṣṭhira

• प्रवीरौ (pravīrau) - excellent heroes

• परिपार्श्वतः (paripārśvataḥ) - on both sides, around

• रथाभ्याशे (rathābhyāśe) - near the chariot

• चकाशेते (cakāśete) - they shone

• चन्द्रस्य (candrasya) - of the Moon

• इव (iva) - like, as

• पुनर्वसू (punarvasū) - Punarvasu (a lunar mansion, pair of stars)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of the king of righteousness, of Yudhiṣṭhira

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, law, duty, natural law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

प्रवीरौ (pravīrau) - excellent heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pravīra

pravīra - excellent hero, brave man

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (pra+vīra)

• pra – forth, forward, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• vīra – hero, warrior, brave
  noun (masculine)

परिपार्श्वतः (paripārśvataḥ) - on both sides, around

(indeclinable)

from paripārśva with suffix -taḥ

रथाभ्याशे (rathābhyāśe) - near the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathābhyāśa

rathābhyāśa - vicinity of a chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+abhyāśa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh
• abhyāśa – nearness, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
  from abhi + āś
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: āś

चकाशेते (cakāśete) - they shone

(verb)

3rd person , dual, ātmanepada, perfect (liṭ) of cakāś

perfect ātmanepada

Root: kāś (class 1)

चन्द्रस्य (candrasya) - of the Moon

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, bright

Root: cand (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

पुनर्वसू (punarvasū) - Punarvasu (a lunar mansion, pair of stars)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of punarvasu

punarvasu - Punarvasu (the seventh lunar mansion, consisting of two stars)

Note: dual form referring to the two stars of Punarvasu