महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-42

ततो युधिष्ठिरानीकं दृष्ट्वा कर्णः पराङ्मुखम् ।
कुरुभिः सहितो वीरैः पृष्ठगैः पृष्ठमन्वयात् ॥४२॥

42. tato yudhiṣṭhirānīkaṁ dṛṣṭvā karṇaḥ parāṅmukham ,
kurubhiḥ sahito vīraiḥ pṛṣṭhagaiḥ pṛṣṭhamanvayāt.

42. tataḥ yudhiṣṭhirānīkam dṛṣṭvā karṇaḥ parāṅmukham
kurubhiḥ sahitaḥ vīraiḥ pṛṣṭhagaiḥ pṛṣṭham anvayāt

42. tataḥ karṇaḥ parāṅmukham yudhiṣṭhirānīkam dṛṣṭvā
pṛṣṭhagaiḥ vīraiḥ kurubhiḥ sahitaḥ pṛṣṭham anvayāt

42. Then Karna, having seen Yudhiṣṭhira's army turned away, pursued its rear, accompanied by brave Kuru warriors who were following behind him.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• युधिष्ठिरानीकम् (yudhiṣṭhirānīkam) - Yudhiṣṭhira's army

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - the army turned its back (turned away, facing away, averted)

• कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kurus, with the Kurus

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave ones

• पृष्ठगैः (pṛṣṭhagaiḥ) - those Kuru warriors who were behind Karna (by those following the rear, by those at the back)

• पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭham) - the rear of the Pāṇḍava army (the rear, the back)

• अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - he followed, he pursued

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरानीकम् (yudhiṣṭhirānīkam) - Yudhiṣṭhira's army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yudhiṣṭhirānīka

yudhiṣṭhirānīka - Yudhiṣṭhira's army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yudhiṣṭhira+anīka)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, face
  noun (neuter)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ktvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a hero)

पराङ्मुखम् (parāṅmukham) - the army turned its back (turned away, facing away, averted)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - turned away, having the face averted, retreating

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāñc+mukha)

• parāñc – turned away, facing backward
  adjective
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with yudhiṣṭhirānīkam.

कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kurus, with the Kurus

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a descendant of Kuru, a Kuru warrior

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together with

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sa- (with) + root dhā (to place) -> hita (placed)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with karṇaḥ.

वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes, by brave ones

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant warrior

पृष्ठगैः (pṛṣṭhagaiḥ) - those Kuru warriors who were behind Karna (by those following the rear, by those at the back)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pṛṣṭhaga

pṛṣṭhaga - following the back, going behind, bringing up the rear

From pṛṣṭha (back) + ga (going) from root gam

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+ga)

• pṛṣṭha – back, rear
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kurubhiḥ and vīraiḥ.

पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭham) - the rear of the Pāṇḍava army (the rear, the back)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, rear, surface

अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - he followed, he pursued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anvi

Imperfect 3rd singular active. From anu-i.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: From anu- + root i- (to go).