महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-50

विपताकाध्वजच्छत्रा व्यश्वसूतायुधा रणे ।
व्यङ्गाङ्गावयवाः पेतुः क्षितौ क्षीणा हतेश्वराः ॥५०॥

50. vipatākādhvajacchatrā vyaśvasūtāyudhā raṇe ,
vyaṅgāṅgāvayavāḥ petuḥ kṣitau kṣīṇā hateśvarāḥ.

50. vi-patākā-dhvaja-cchatrāḥ vi-aśva-sūta-āyudhāḥ raṇe
vi-aṅga-aṅga-avayavāḥ petuḥ kṣitau kṣīṇāḥ hata-īśvarāḥ

50. raṇe vipatākādhvajacchattrāḥ vyaśvasūtāyudhāḥ
vyaṅgāṅgāvayavāḥ kṣīṇāḥ hata-īśvarāḥ kṣitau petuḥ

50. In the battle, those who had lost their banners, flags, and royal umbrellas, whose horses, charioteers, and weapons were gone, fell to the earth with their limbs mutilated, exhausted, and their commanders slain.

Words meanings summery:

• वि-पताका-ध्वज-च्छत्राः (vi-patākā-dhvaja-cchatrāḥ) - deprived of banners, flags, and umbrellas

• वि-अश्व-सूत-आयुधाः (vi-aśva-sūta-āyudhāḥ) - deprived of horses, charioteers, and weapons

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• वि-अङ्ग-अङ्ग-अवयवाः (vi-aṅga-aṅga-avayavāḥ) - with mutilated limbs and body parts

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

• क्षीणाः (kṣīṇāḥ) - exhausted, wasted, destroyed

• हत-ईश्वराः (hata-īśvarāḥ) - whose commanders were slain (whose masters/leaders were killed)

Words meanings and morphology

वि-पताका-ध्वज-च्छत्राः (vi-patākā-dhvaja-cchatrāḥ) - deprived of banners, flags, and umbrellas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vi-patākā-dhvaja-cchatra

vi-patākā-dhvaja-cchatra - without banners, flags, and umbrellas

Bahuvrihi compound. 'Vi' implies deprivation. Compound of patākā (banner), dhvaja (flag), cchatra (umbrella).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+patākā+dhvaja+cchatra)

• vi – without, deprived of, separated
  indeclinable
• patākā – banner, flag
  noun (feminine)
• dhvaja – flag, standard
  noun (masculine)
• cchatra – umbrella, parasol (symbol of royalty/rank)
  noun (neuter)

वि-अश्व-सूत-आयुधाः (vi-aśva-sūta-āyudhāḥ) - deprived of horses, charioteers, and weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vi-aśva-sūta-āyudha

vi-aśva-sūta-āyudha - without horses, charioteers, and weapons

Bahuvrihi compound. 'Vi' implies deprivation. Compound of aśva (horse), sūta (charioteer), āyudha (weapon).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+aśva+sūta+āyudha)

• vi – without, deprived of, separated
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
  Past passive participle of √sū meaning to impel, to drive.
  Root: sū (class 2)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, delight

Root: raṇ (class 1)

वि-अङ्ग-अङ्ग-अवयवाः (vi-aṅga-aṅga-avayavāḥ) - with mutilated limbs and body parts

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vi-aṅga-aṅga-avayava

vi-aṅga-aṅga-avayava - with dismembered or mutilated limbs and parts

Bahuvrihi compound. 'Vi' for separation/absence/defect, aṅga (limb), avayava (component part).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+aṅga+aṅga-avayava)

• vi – without, deprived of, separated, defective
  indeclinable
• aṅga – limb, body part, member
  noun (neuter)
• aṅga-avayava – limb-part, body part
  noun (masculine)
  Dvanda compound of aṅga (limb) and avayava (part). Here treated as a single compound part for simplicity.

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect Active

From root √pat (to fall). Perfect 3rd person plural.

Root: pat (class 1)

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, land

Root: kṣi (class 1)

क्षीणाः (kṣīṇāḥ) - exhausted, wasted, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣīṇa

kṣīṇa - wasted, exhausted, decayed, destroyed, weak

Past Passive Participle

From root √kṣi (to decay, to waste away). Past Passive Participle, nominative plural masculine.

Root: kṣi (class 5)

हत-ईश्वराः (hata-īśvarāḥ) - whose commanders were slain (whose masters/leaders were killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata-īśvara

hata-īśvara - one whose master/leader is killed

Bahuvrihi compound of hata (killed) and īśvara (master, lord, leader).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+īśvara)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• īśvara – master, lord, ruler, powerful
  noun (masculine)

Note: This describes the condition of the falling warriors.