महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-33, verse-39

मा स्म युध्यस्व कौन्तेय मा च वीरान्समासदः ।
मा चैनानप्रियं ब्रूहि मा च व्रज महारणम् ॥३९॥

39. mā sma yudhyasva kaunteya mā ca vīrānsamāsadaḥ ,
mā cainānapriyaṁ brūhi mā ca vraja mahāraṇam.

39. mā sma yudhyasva kaunteya mā ca vīrān samāsadaḥ
mā ca enān apriyam brūhi mā ca vraja mahāraṇam

39. kaunteya mā sma yudhyasva ca vīrān mā samāsadaḥ
ca enān apriyam mā brūhi ca mahāraṇam mā vraja

39. "O son of Kuntī (Arjuna), do not fight! And do not face these heroes! Do not speak unkindly to them! And do not go to a great battle!"

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

• स्म (sma) - indeed (emphatic particle, used with mā for strong prohibition)

• युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - do not fight! (fight!)

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (O son of Kuntī)

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

• च (ca) - and

• वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, brave ones

• समासदः (samāsadaḥ) - do not approach, do not encounter

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

• च (ca) - and

• एनान् (enān) - them

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, unkind

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - do not speak! (speak! say!)

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

• च (ca) - and

• व्रज (vraja) - do not go! (go! proceed!)

• महारणम् (mahāraṇam) - to a great battle

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - indeed (emphatic particle, used with mā for strong prohibition)

(indeclinable)

युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - do not fight! (fight!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of yudh

Imperative 2nd singular middle

Root: yudh (class 4)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (O son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (Arjuna, Karṇa)

derived from Kuntī + ḍhak

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man

समासदः (samāsadaḥ) - do not approach, do not encounter

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of samāsad

Aorist 2nd singular active (prohibitive with mā)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनान् (enān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ena

ena - this, that, these, those (anaphoric pronoun)

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, unkind

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, unkind, enemy

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+priya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective
  Root: prī (class 9)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - do not speak! (speak! say!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative 2nd singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

व्रज (vraja) - do not go! (go! proceed!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vraj

Imperative 2nd singular active

Root: vraj (class 1)

महारणम् (mahāraṇam) - to a great battle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+raṇa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)