महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-73

संग्रामे पृथिवीशानां मन्दस्याबुद्धिसंभवम् ।
अपनीतं सुनीतं वा तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय ॥७३॥

73. saṁgrāme pṛthivīśānāṁ mandasyābuddhisaṁbhavam ,
apanītaṁ sunītaṁ vā tanmamācakṣva saṁjaya.

73. saṃgrāme pṛthivīśānām mandasya abuddhisaṃbhavam
apanītam sunītam vā tat mama ācakṣva sañjaya

73. sañjaya mama saṃgrāme pṛthivīśānām mandasya
abuddhisaṃbhavam apanītam vā sunītam tat ācakṣva

73. Sanjaya, describe to me what took place among the kings of the earth in that battle, whether it was misconduct (apanītam) arising from the foolish Duryodhana's lack of intelligence or wise action (sunītam).

Words meanings summery:

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in the battle (in the battle, in the war, in the conflict)

• पृथिवीशानाम् (pṛthivīśānām) - of the kings (of the lords of the earth, of the kings)

• मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the foolish (Duryodhana) (of the slow, of the dull-witted, of the foolish)

• अबुद्धिसंभवम् (abuddhisaṁbhavam) - arising from lack of intelligence (born of folly, caused by lack of intelligence, originating from ignorance)

• अपनीतम् (apanītam) - misconduct (misconduct, misdeed, wrong action, transgression)

• सुनीतम् (sunītam) - wise action (good conduct, wise action, well-led)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• तत् (tat) - that (matter/incident) (that, it)

• मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - narrate (narrate, tell, explain)

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

Words meanings and morphology

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in the battle (in the battle, in the war, in the conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, fight

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

पृथिवीशानाम् (pṛthivīśānām) - of the kings (of the lords of the earth, of the kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pṛthivīśa

pṛthivīśa - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+īśa)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the foolish (Duryodhana) (of the slow, of the dull-witted, of the foolish)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of manda

manda - slow, dull, foolish, weak

Note: Refers to Duryodhana, implicitly.

अबुद्धिसंभवम् (abuddhisaṁbhavam) - arising from lack of intelligence (born of folly, caused by lack of intelligence, originating from ignorance)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abuddhisaṃbhava

abuddhisaṁbhava - born of folly, caused by lack of intelligence, originating from ignorance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abuddhi+saṃbhava)

• abuddhi – lack of intelligence, folly, ignorance
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: a
• saṃbhava – origin, birth, production, arising from
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'apanītam' or 'sunītam'.

अपनीतम् (apanītam) - misconduct (misconduct, misdeed, wrong action, transgression)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apanīta

apanīta - misconduct, misdeed, wrong action, removed, taken away

Past Passive Participle

From root nī (to lead) with upasarga apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, object of 'ācakṣva'.

सुनीतम् (sunītam) - wise action (good conduct, wise action, well-led)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sunīta

sunīta - good conduct, wise action, well-led

Past Passive Participle

From root nī (to lead) with upasarga su.

Prefix: su

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, object of 'ācakṣva'.

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (matter/incident) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'ācakṣva'.

मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Also can be genitive, but dative 'to me' is appropriate here as the recipient of narration.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - narrate (narrate, tell, explain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Imperative Mood, Middle Voice, 2nd Person Singular

Root cakṣ (to see, to appear, to speak) with upasarga ā, Imperative mood (loṭ), ātmanepada, 2nd person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya (Sanjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)