महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-67

प्राविशन्कितवा मन्दाः सभां युधि दुरासदाम् ।
प्राणद्यूते प्रतिभये केऽदीव्यन्त नरर्षभाः ॥६७॥

67. prāviśankitavā mandāḥ sabhāṁ yudhi durāsadām ,
prāṇadyūte pratibhaye ke'dīvyanta nararṣabhāḥ.

67. prāviśan kitavāḥ mandāḥ sabhām yudhi durāsadām
prāṇadyūte pratibhaye ke adīvyanta nararṣabhāḥ

67. mandāḥ kitavāḥ yudhi durāsadām sabhām prāviśan
prāṇadyūte pratibhaye ke nararṣabhāḥ adīvyanta

67. Into which formidable assembly hall, terrifying in the struggle, did the foolish gamblers enter? And who among the best of men gambled in that frightful game of life?

Words meanings summery:

• प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered

• कितवाः (kitavāḥ) - the (foolish) gamblers (gamblers, cheats, deceivers)

• मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull, slow, ignorant

• सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly hall (referring to the gambling hall) (assembly, council, gambling hall, court)

• युधि (yudhi) - in the struggle/game (in battle, in fight, in struggle)

• दुरासदाम् (durāsadām) - difficult to approach, formidable, unassailable

• प्राणद्यूते (prāṇadyūte) - in the game of life, in the gambling with life

• प्रतिभये (pratibhaye) - terrifying, frightful, alarming

• के (ke) - who (among) (who, which)

• अदीव्यन्त (adīvyanta) - they gambled, they played

• नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - best of men, bulls among men, excellent men

Words meanings and morphology

प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of viś

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

कितवाः (kitavāḥ) - the (foolish) gamblers (gamblers, cheats, deceivers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kitava

kitava - gambler, cheat, deceiver, rogue

मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull, slow, ignorant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manda

manda - slow, dull, foolish, ignorant, weak

सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly hall (referring to the gambling hall) (assembly, council, gambling hall, court)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, gambling hall, court, house

Note: Direct object of 'prāviśan'.

युधि (yudhi) - in the struggle/game (in battle, in fight, in struggle)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war, struggle

Note: Here referring to the context of the intense and dangerous gambling session.

दुरासदाम् (durāsadām) - difficult to approach, formidable, unassailable

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, formidable, hard to overcome, unassailable

Compound: 'dur' (difficult) + 'āsada' (to be reached)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+āsada)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
• āsada – reaching, approaching, obtaining
  noun (masculine)
  verbal derivative
  Derived from root 'sad' with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'a'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'sabhām'.

प्राणद्यूते (prāṇadyūte) - in the game of life, in the gambling with life

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of prāṇadyūta

prāṇadyūta - game of life, gambling with life

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+dyūta)

• prāṇa – breath, life, vital air, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• dyūta – gambling, game of dice, play
  noun (neuter)
  Root: div (class 4)

प्रतिभये (pratibhaye) - terrifying, frightful, alarming

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pratibhaya

pratibhaya - terrifying, frightful, alarming

Prefix: prati

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'prāṇadyūte'.

के (ke) - who (among) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, which, what

अदीव्यन्त (adīvyanta) - they gambled, they played

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of div

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada

Root: div (class 4)

नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - best of men, bulls among men, excellent men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - best of men, chief of men, eminent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)