महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-33

पार्श्वतः केऽभ्यवर्तन्त गच्छन्तो दुर्गमां गतिम् ।
समूहे के परान्वीरान्प्रत्ययुध्यन्त संजय ॥३३॥

33. pārśvataḥ ke'bhyavartanta gacchanto durgamāṁ gatim ,
samūhe ke parānvīrānpratyayudhyanta saṁjaya.

33. pārśvataḥ ke abhyavartanta gacchantaḥ durgamām
gatim samūhe ke parān vīrān pratyayudhyanta sañjaya

33. sañjaya pārśvataḥ ke durgamām gatim gacchantaḥ
abhyavartanta samūhe ke parān vīrān pratyayudhyanta

33. O Sañjaya, who were those who advanced from the flanks, undertaking a perilous course? And who, amidst the throng, directly engaged the enemy heroes?

Words meanings summery:

• पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - from the side, on the flank

• के (ke) - who?

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they advanced, they moved towards, they attacked

• गच्छन्तः (gacchantaḥ) - going, moving, proceeding

• दुर्गमाम् (durgamām) - difficult to traverse, perilous

• गतिम् (gatim) - path, course, fate, state

• समूहे (samūhe) - in the multitude, in the host, in the throng

• के (ke) - who?

• परान् (parān) - the enemies, the others

• वीरान् (vīrān) - the heroes, the brave ones

• प्रत्ययुध्यन्त (pratyayudhyanta) - they fought against

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya

Words meanings and morphology

पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - from the side, on the flank

(indeclinable)

Tasil suffix indicating 'from'

के (ke) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they advanced, they moved towards, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛt (class 1)

गच्छन्तः (gacchantaḥ) - going, moving, proceeding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gacchat

gacchat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Root: gam (class 1)

दुर्गमाम् (durgamām) - difficult to traverse, perilous

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durgama

durgama - difficult to go, inaccessible, perilous, arduous

Prefix: dus

Root: gam

गतिम् (gatim) - path, course, fate, state

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, course, state, destiny, manner

Root: gam

समूहे (samūhe) - in the multitude, in the host, in the throng

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samūha

samūha - assemblage, multitude, host, crowd, heap

के (ke) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what

परान् (parān) - the enemies, the others

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme, highest

वीरान् (vīrān) - the heroes, the brave ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

प्रत्ययुध्यन्त (pratyayudhyanta) - they fought against

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (proper noun)