महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-49

योषेव हतवीरा मे सेना पुत्रस्य संजय ।
अगोपमिव चोद्भ्रान्तं गोकुलं तद्बलं मम ॥४९॥

49. yoṣeva hatavīrā me senā putrasya saṁjaya ,
agopamiva codbhrāntaṁ gokulaṁ tadbalaṁ mama.

49. yoṣā iva hatavīrā me senā putrasya saṃjaya
agopam iva ca udbhrāntam gokulam tat balam mama

49. saṃjaya putrasya me senā hatavīrā yoṣā iva asti ca
agopam gokulam iva tat mama balam udbhrāntam asti

49. O Sanjaya, my son's army, with its heroes slain, is like a woman bereft of her husband. And that force of mine is bewildered, like a herd of cattle without a herdsman.

Words meanings summery:

• योषा (yoṣā) - woman, wife

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• हतवीरा (hatavīrā) - whose heroes are slain, whose warriors are killed

• मे (me) - my, of me

• सेना (senā) - army, host

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of my son (Duryodhana) (of the son, a son's)

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

• अगोपम् (agopam) - without a herdsman, unguarded

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• च (ca) - and, also

• उद्भ्रान्तम् (udbhrāntam) - bewildered, scattered, agitated

• गोकुलम् (gokulam) - herd of cows, cow-pen

• तत् (tat) - that

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

योषा (yoṣā) - woman, wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yoṣā

yoṣā - woman, wife

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.

हतवीरा (hatavīrā) - whose heroes are slain, whose warriors are killed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hatavīra

hatavīra - having slain heroes/warriors (feminine)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+vīra)

• hata – slain, killed, struck down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'yoṣā'.

मे (me) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form.

सेना (senā) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, weapon

Note: The subject of the first simile.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of my son (Duryodhana) (of the son, a son's)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Qualifies 'senā'.

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

Note: Direct address.

अगोपम् (agopam) - without a herdsman, unguarded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agopa

agopa - without a herdsman, unprotected

Compound type : negation tatpurusha (a+gopa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• gopa – herdsman, cowherd
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'gokulam'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

उद्भ्रान्तम् (udbhrāntam) - bewildered, scattered, agitated

(adjective)

neuter, singular of udbhrānta

udbhrānta - bewildered, scattered, agitated, gone astray

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhrām (to wander) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: bhrām (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gokulam' or 'balam'.

गोकुलम् (gokulam) - herd of cows, cow-pen

(noun)

neuter, singular of gokula

gokula - herd of cows, cow-pen, cowherd's dwelling

Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (go+kula)

• go – cow, ox
  noun (masculine/feminine)
• kula – herd, family, lineage
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of comparison.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Subject of the second simile.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive.