महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-62

एतदार्येण कर्तव्यं कृच्छ्रास्वापत्सु संजय ।
पराक्रमः परं शक्त्या तच्च तस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥६२॥

62. etadāryeṇa kartavyaṁ kṛcchrāsvāpatsu saṁjaya ,
parākramaḥ paraṁ śaktyā tacca tasminpratiṣṭhitam.

62. etat āryeṇa kartavyam kṛcchrāsu āpatsu saṃjaya
parākramaḥ param śaktyā tat ca tasmin pratiṣṭhitam

62. saṃjaya,
kṛcchrāsu āpatsu etat param śaktyā parākramaḥ āryeṇa kartavyam; ca tat tasmin pratiṣṭhitam

62. O Sañjaya, in dire calamities, a noble person (ārya) should demonstrate this utmost valor (parākrama) with all their power (śakti); and that (valor) is founded within such a person.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the act of valor) (this (neuter singular nominative/accusative))

• आर्येण (āryeṇa) - by one who upholds high ethical standards (by a noble person, by an Arya)

• कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - is an imperative action (to be done, should be done, ought to be done)

• कृच्छ्रासु (kṛcchrāsu) - during severe and trying situations (in difficulties, in distressful (feminine plural locative))

• आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in situations of great peril and misfortune (in calamities, in dangers, in adversities (feminine plural locative))

• संजय (saṁjaya) - addressing Sanjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and reporter (O Sañjaya (proper noun, vocative))

• पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - the specific quality of heroic action in battle (valor, prowess, exertion, heroic effort)

• परम् (param) - indicating the highest degree of performance for the act (supremely, utmost, exceedingly)

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by using all available physical or spiritual power (by strength, with power, by inherent capacity, by energy (śakti))

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to valor) (that (neuter singular nominative/accusative))

• च (ca) - connects the two clauses (and, also)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that noble person (ārya) (in that, in him)

• प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - firmly based or resting upon (established, fixed, dependent, founded)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the act of valor) (this (neuter singular nominative/accusative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

आर्येण (āryeṇa) - by one who upholds high ethical standards (by a noble person, by an Arya)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, honorable, respected person

कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - is an imperative action (to be done, should be done, ought to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृच्छ्रासु (kṛcchrāsu) - during severe and trying situations (in difficulties, in distressful (feminine plural locative))

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, plural of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, hard, distressful, painful

आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in situations of great peril and misfortune (in calamities, in dangers, in adversities (feminine plural locative))

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

संजय (saṁjaya) - addressing Sanjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and reporter (O Sañjaya (proper noun, vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - the specific quality of heroic action in battle (valor, prowess, exertion, heroic effort)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parākrama

parākrama - valor, prowess, might, heroic exertion

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

परम् (param) - indicating the highest degree of performance for the act (supremely, utmost, exceedingly)

(indeclinable)

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by using all available physical or spiritual power (by strength, with power, by inherent capacity, by energy (śakti))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, capability, energy, faculty, divine energy (śakti)

Root: śak (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that (referring to valor) (that (neuter singular nominative/accusative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

च (ca) - connects the two clauses (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that noble person (ārya) (in that, in him)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Refers to ārya.

प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - firmly based or resting upon (established, fixed, dependent, founded)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, founded, fixed, dependent

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā with upasarga prati

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tat.