महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-39

यस्मिञ्जाते महावीर्ये शंतनुर्लोकशंकरे ।
शोकं दुःखं च दैन्यं च प्राजहात्पुत्रलक्ष्मणि ॥३९॥

39. yasmiñjāte mahāvīrye śaṁtanurlokaśaṁkare ,
śokaṁ duḥkhaṁ ca dainyaṁ ca prājahātputralakṣmaṇi.

39. yasmin jāte mahāvīrye śaṃtanuḥ lokaśaṃkare śokam
duḥkham ca dainyam ca prājahāt putralakṣmaṇi

39. yasmin mahāvīrye lokaśaṃkare jāte,
śaṃtanuḥ putralakṣmaṇi śokam duḥkham ca dainyam ca prājahāt

39. When that greatly valorous (mahāvīrye) and world-benefactor (lokaśaṃkare) (Bhishma) was born, Shantanu abandoned all sorrow, misery, and wretchedness upon the advent of a son (putralakṣmaṇi).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्मिन् (yasmin) - refers to Bhishma (in whom, when, at which)

• जाते (jāte) - upon the birth of Bhishma (born, produced, manifested)

• महावीर्ये (mahāvīrye) - an epithet for Bhishma (of great valor, highly powerful, extremely heroic)

• शंतनुः (śaṁtanuḥ) - father of Bhishma (Shantanu (proper name))

• लोकशंकरे (lokaśaṁkare) - an epithet for Bhishma (bringing welfare to the world, world-benefactor, benevolent to people)

• शोकम् (śokam) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, suffering, pain, unhappiness

• च (ca) - and, also

• दैन्यम् (dainyam) - wretchedness, misery, helplessness, poverty

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्राजहात् (prājahāt) - he abandoned, he gave up, he cast off

• पुत्रलक्ष्मणि (putralakṣmaṇi) - upon the advent or birth of Bhishma as his son (at the sign of a son, in the characteristic of a son, at the birth of a son)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मिन् (yasmin) - refers to Bhishma (in whom, when, at which)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

जाते (jāte) - upon the birth of Bhishma (born, produced, manifested)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with yasmin.

महावीर्ये (mahāvīrye) - an epithet for Bhishma (of great valor, highly powerful, extremely heroic)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great valor, highly powerful

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, heroism, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with yasmin.

शंतनुः (śaṁtanuḥ) - father of Bhishma (Shantanu (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṃtanu

śaṁtanu - Shantanu (name of a Kuru king, Bhishma's father)

लोकशंकरे (lokaśaṁkare) - an epithet for Bhishma (bringing welfare to the world, world-benefactor, benevolent to people)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of lokaśaṃkara

lokaśaṁkara - bringing welfare to the world, auspicious for the world

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (loka+śaṃkara)

• loka – world, people, universe
  noun (masculine)
• śaṃkara – causing welfare, auspicious, benevolent
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: śam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with yasmin.

शोकम् (śokam) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

Note: Object of prājahāt.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, suffering, pain, unhappiness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness

Note: Object of prājahāt.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice to connect three items.

दैन्यम् (dainyam) - wretchedness, misery, helplessness, poverty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dainya

dainya - wretchedness, misery, humbleness, poverty

Note: Object of prājahāt.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice to connect three items.

प्राजहात् (prājahāt) - he abandoned, he gave up, he cast off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of prahā

aorist active

3rd singular aorist active from root hā (class 3), with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: hā (class 3)

पुत्रलक्ष्मणि (putralakṣmaṇi) - upon the advent or birth of Bhishma as his son (at the sign of a son, in the characteristic of a son, at the birth of a son)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of putralakṣman

putralakṣman - the sign or characteristic of a son

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (putra+lakṣman)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• lakṣman – mark, sign, characteristic, token
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the joy felt at having such a son.