महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-63

अनीकानि विनिघ्नन्तं ह्रीमन्तमपराजितम् ।
कथं शांतनवं तात पाण्डुपुत्रा न्यपातयन् ॥६३॥

63. anīkāni vinighnantaṁ hrīmantamaparājitam ,
kathaṁ śāṁtanavaṁ tāta pāṇḍuputrā nyapātayan.

63. anīkāni vinighnantam hrīmantam aparājitam
katham śāntanavam tāta pāṇḍuputrāḥ nyapātayan

63. tāta,
pāṇḍuputrāḥ anīkāni vinighnantam hrīmantam aparājitam śāntanavam katham nyapātayan?

63. O dear one (tāta), how did the sons of Pāṇḍu strike down Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu, who was destroying armies, modest, and undefeated?

Words meanings summery:

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - the enemy forces on the battlefield (hosts, armies, forces, troops (neuter plural accusative))

• विनिघ्नन्तम् (vinighnantam) - actively engaged in battle, inflicting defeat on enemy forces (striking down, destroying, killing)

• ह्रीमन्तम् (hrīmantam) - characterized by a sense of honor and humility, despite his power (modest, bashful, possessing shame, conscientious)

• अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - having never been vanquished in battle before (unconquered, undefeated, invincible)

• कथम् (katham) - expressing surprise or bewilderment at the event (how, in what manner)

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Bhīṣma, the venerable patriarch (son of Śāntanu, Bhīṣma)

• तात (tāta) - O dear Sanjaya (addressing him respectfully/affectionately) (O dear one, my son, father)

• पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - the Pāṇḍava brothers, specifically as the subject of the action (sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

• न्यपातयन् (nyapātayan) - refers to the act of defeating and killing Bhīṣma in battle (they caused to fall, they struck down, they felled, they killed)

Words meanings and morphology

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - the enemy forces on the battlefield (hosts, armies, forces, troops (neuter plural accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - host, army, force, array

विनिघ्नन्तम् (vinighnantam) - actively engaged in battle, inflicting defeat on enemy forces (striking down, destroying, killing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinighnant

vinighnant - striking down, destroying

Present Active Participle

from root han with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies śāntanavam.

ह्रीमन्तम् (hrīmantam) - characterized by a sense of honor and humility, despite his power (modest, bashful, possessing shame, conscientious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hrīmat

hrīmat - modest, bashful, possessing shame or reverence

from hrī (shame/modesty) + matup suffix

Note: Modifies śāntanavam.

अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - having never been vanquished in battle before (unconquered, undefeated, invincible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparājita

aparājita - unconquered, undefeated

Past Passive Participle

from root ji with upasarga parā and negative prefix a

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+parājita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• parājita – defeated, conquered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ji with upasarga parā
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Modifies śāntanavam.

कथम् (katham) - expressing surprise or bewilderment at the event (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Bhīṣma, the venerable patriarch (son of Śāntanu, Bhīṣma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Śāntanu (i.e., Bhīṣma)

patronymic from Śāntanu

Note: Object of nyapātayan.

तात (tāta) - O dear Sanjaya (addressing him respectfully/affectionately) (O dear one, my son, father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, son, dear one (vocative of respect or affection)

Note: Dhṛtarāṣṭra addressing Sañjaya.

पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - the Pāṇḍava brothers, specifically as the subject of the action (sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न्यपातयन् (nyapātayan) - refers to the act of defeating and killing Bhīṣma in battle (they caused to fall, they struck down, they felled, they killed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-pat

imperfect active 3rd plural (causative)

from causative stem of root pat with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)