महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-22

मामकाः के महेष्वासा नाजहुः संजयाच्युतम् ।
दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः के वीराः पर्यवारयन् ॥२२॥

22. māmakāḥ ke maheṣvāsā nājahuḥ saṁjayācyutam ,
duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ ke vīrāḥ paryavārayan.

22. māmakāḥ ke maheṣvāsāḥ na ājahuḥ saṃjaya acyutam
duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ ke vīrāḥ paryavārayan

22. saṃjaya ke māmakāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ acyutam na ājahuḥ
ke duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ vīrāḥ paryavārayan

22. O Sanjaya, which of my great archers (maheṣvāsa) did not abandon the unyielding (acyuta) one? Which heroes, commanded by Duryodhana, surrounded him?

Words meanings summery:

• मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - my warriors, my sons (the Kauravas) (my people, mine, relating to me)

• के (ke) - who, which

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, mighty bowmen

• न (na) - not, no

• आजहुः (ājahuḥ) - they abandoned, they gave up, they left

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

• अच्युतम् (acyutam) - the unyielding one (referring to Bhishma's steadfastness) (the unmoving, the firm, the imperishable, Vishnu)

• दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः (duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ) - ordered/commanded by Duryodhana

• के (ke) - who, which

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they protected, they obstructed

Words meanings and morphology

मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - my warriors, my sons (the Kauravas) (my people, mine, relating to me)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māmaka

māmaka - my, mine, relating to me

Derived from 'mama' (my) + 'ka' suffix.

के (ke) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers, mighty bowmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one having a great bow or great arrows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣu+āsa)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āsa – bowstring, seat, abode
  noun (masculine/neuter)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आजहुः (ājahuḥ) - they abandoned, they gave up, they left

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of hā

Prefix: ā

Root: hā (class 3)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (the charioteer and confidant of Dhritarashtra)

अच्युतम् (acyutam) - the unyielding one (referring to Bhishma's steadfastness) (the unmoving, the firm, the imperishable, Vishnu)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - unmoving, firm, imperishable, unfailing; a name for Vishnu

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'a-' (negation) + root 'cyu' (to move) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: cyu (class 1)

दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः (duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ) - ordered/commanded by Duryodhana

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duryodhanasamādiṣṭa

duryodhanasamādiṣṭa - commanded by Duryodhana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+samādiṣṭa)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhritarashtra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• samādiṣṭa – commanded, ordered, instructed
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from 'sam' + 'ā' + root 'diś' (to show, direct) + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: diś (class 6)

के (ke) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - they surrounded, they protected, they obstructed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paryavāraya

Root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround) with prefixes 'pari' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)