महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-42

धर्मादधर्मो बलवान्संप्राप्त इति मे मतिः ।
यत्र वृद्धं गुरुं हत्वा राज्यमिच्छन्ति पाण्डवाः ॥४२॥

42. dharmādadharmo balavānsaṁprāpta iti me matiḥ ,
yatra vṛddhaṁ guruṁ hatvā rājyamicchanti pāṇḍavāḥ.

42. dharmāt adharmaḥ balavān samprāptaḥ iti me matiḥ
yatra vṛddham gurum hatvā rājyam icchanti pāṇḍavāḥ

42. me matiḥ iti yatra pāṇḍavāḥ vṛddham gurum hatvā rājyam icchanti,
dharmāt adharmaḥ balavān samprāptaḥ

42. My belief is that unrighteousness (adharma) has become more powerful than natural law (dharma) in a situation where the Pandavas desire a kingdom after having killed their aged preceptor (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than natural law (dharma) (from dharma, than dharma, from righteousness)

• अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, evil

• बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful, mighty

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - obtained, gained, arrived, occurred

• इति (iti) - thus, so, this

• मे (me) - my, to me

• मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, thought, belief, intelligence

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which case, when

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - old, aged, revered, grown

• गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor (guru) (teacher, preceptor, elder, heavy, respected person)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire, they wish, they want

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas, sons of Pandu

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than natural law (dharma) (from dharma, than dharma, from righteousness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

from √dhṛ

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison 'than dharma'.

अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, evil

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, evil

a (negation) + dharma

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+dharma)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  from √dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

from bala + -vat

Note: Agrees with adharmaḥ.

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - obtained, gained, arrived, occurred

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprāpta

samprāpta - obtained, gained, arrived, occurred

Past Passive Participle

from sam- + pra- + √āp

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions here as a predicate adjective, implying 'has become'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, this

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the preceding clause to 'me matiḥ'.

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive, 'my opinion'.

मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion, thought, belief, intelligence

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - opinion, thought, belief, intelligence

from √man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which case, when

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a clause of circumstance.

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - old, aged, revered, grown

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, revered, grown

Past Passive Participle

from √vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies gurum.

गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor (guru) (teacher, preceptor, elder, heavy, respected person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, elder, heavy, respected person

Note: Object of hatvā.

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from √han + -tvā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

from rājan + -ya

Note: Object of icchanti.

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire, they wish, they want

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √iṣ

present indicative

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Verb of the Pandavas.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas, sons of Pandu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - a descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Subject of icchanti.