महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-15, verse-64

कथं युक्तान्यनीकानि कथं युद्धं महात्मभिः ।
कथं वा निहतो भीष्मः पिता संजय मे परैः ॥६४॥

64. kathaṁ yuktānyanīkāni kathaṁ yuddhaṁ mahātmabhiḥ ,
kathaṁ vā nihato bhīṣmaḥ pitā saṁjaya me paraiḥ.

64. kathaṃ yuktāni anīkāni kathaṃ yuddhaṃ mahātmabhiḥ
kathaṃ vā nihataḥ bhīṣmaḥ pitā saṃjaya me paraiḥ

64. saṃjaya me pitā bhīṣmaḥ kathaṃ yuktāni anīkāni
mahātmabhiḥ yuddhaṃ kathaṃ vā paraiḥ kathaṃ nihataḥ

64. O Sanjaya, how were the armies arrayed? How was the battle fought by the great souls (ātman)? And how was my father, Bhishma, slain by the enemies?

Words meanings summery:

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

• युक्तानि (yuktāni) - arranged, arrayed (joined, yoked, prepared, arranged, engaged)

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, troops, forces

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

• युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, war, fight

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by the great warriors (by the great-souled ones, by the noble ones, by the great persons)

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

• वा (vā) - and (or, and, like, as it were)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain (struck down, slain, killed, injured)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

• पिता (pitā) - revered elder, patriarch (like a father) (father)

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and charioteer of Dhritarashtra)

• मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by the enemies (by others, by enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

युक्तानि (yuktāni) - arranged, arrayed (joined, yoked, prepared, arranged, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, prepared, arranged, engaged, fit, proper

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yuj' with suffix 'kta'

Root: yuj (class 7)

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, troops, forces

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, troops, forces, battle-array

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight, combat

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yudh' with suffix 'kta'

Root: yudh (class 4)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by the great warriors (by the great-souled ones, by the noble ones, by the great persons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted, a great person, a sage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, life, mind
  noun (masculine)

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner, why

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - and (or, and, like, as it were)

(indeclinable)

निहतः (nihataḥ) - slain (struck down, slain, killed, injured)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, slain, killed, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' with prefix 'ni' and suffix 'kta'

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

पिता (pitā) - revered elder, patriarch (like a father) (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, guardian

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and charioteer of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and charioteer of Dhritarashtra)

मे (me) - my (possessive) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, my, me (first person pronoun)

परैः (paraiḥ) - by the enemies (by others, by enemies)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme, distant