महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-266, verse-8

कृतघ्नं तमहं मन्ये वानरापसदं भुवि ।
यो मामेवंगतो मूढो न जानीतेऽद्य लक्ष्मण ॥८॥

8. kṛtaghnaṁ tamahaṁ manye vānarāpasadaṁ bhuvi ,
yo māmevaṁgato mūḍho na jānīte'dya lakṣmaṇa.

8. kṛtaghnam tam aham manye vānarāpasadam bhuvi
yaḥ mām evaṃgataḥ mūḍhaḥ na jānīte adya lakṣmaṇa

8. O Lakṣmaṇa, I consider that ungrateful (kṛtaghna), foolish fellow, who is now in such a state, to be the lowest of monkeys on earth, because he does not recognize me.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतघ्नम् (kṛtaghnam) - ungrateful (ungrateful, destroyer of kindness)

• तम् (tam) - him (Sugrīva) (him, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Rāma) (I)

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think, I believe

• वानरापसदम् (vānarāpasadam) - lowest of monkeys, meanest of monkeys

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• यः (yaḥ) - who (Sugrīva) (who, which)

• माम् (mām) - me (Rāma) (me)

• एवंगतः (evaṁgataḥ) - being in such a state (of ingratitude/negligence) (having gone thus, being in such a state)

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded, bewildered

• न (na) - not, no

• जानीते (jānīte) - he knows, recognizes

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakṣmaṇa

Words meanings and morphology

कृतघ्नम् (kṛtaghnam) - ungrateful (ungrateful, destroyer of kindness)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, one who destroys (forgets) a good deed or favor

Compound of 'kṛta' (done) and 'ghna' (killer/destroyer).

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – killer, destroyer
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from the root √han (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Sugrīva).

तम् (tam) - him (Sugrīva) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Sugrīva, the object of 'manye'.

अहम् (aham) - I (Rāma) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'manye'.

मन्ये (manye) - I consider, I think, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Class 4 or 8 verb; middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: man (class 4)

वानरापसदम् (vānarāpasadam) - lowest of monkeys, meanest of monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vānarāpasada

vānarāpasada - the lowest of monkeys, meanest of monkeys, scum among monkeys

Compound of 'vānara' (monkey) and 'apasada' (outcast, low person).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+apasada)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• apasada – low, mean, vile, outcast
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root √sad (to sit, sink) with the prefix apa-.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Serves as the predicate accusative for 'tam'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world, place

Long ū-ending feminine noun.

यः (yaḥ) - who (Sugrīva) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun, referring back to 'tam'.

माम् (mām) - me (Rāma) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'jānīte'.

एवंगतः (evaṁgataḥ) - being in such a state (of ingratitude/negligence) (having gone thus, being in such a state)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of evaṃgata

evaṁgata - being in such a state, thus situated, having come to such a condition

Compound of 'evam' (thus) and 'gata' (gone/situated).

Compound type : tatpurusha (evam+gata)

• evam – thus, in this manner, so
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, attained, reached, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish, deluded, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √muh (to be confused, deluded).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जानीते (jānīte) - he knows, recognizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Class 9 verb (jñā-group), present tense, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Verb of the relative clause.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from `idam` (this).

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - O Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma's brother)

Note: Address to Lakṣmaṇa.