महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-266, verse-5

गच्छ लक्ष्मण जानीहि किष्किन्धायां कपीश्वरम् ।
प्रमत्तं ग्राम्यधर्मेषु कृतघ्नं स्वार्थपण्डितम् ॥५॥

5. gaccha lakṣmaṇa jānīhi kiṣkindhāyāṁ kapīśvaram ,
pramattaṁ grāmyadharmeṣu kṛtaghnaṁ svārthapaṇḍitam.

5. gaccha lakṣmaṇa jānīhi kiṣkindhāyām kapīśvaram
pramattam grāmya-dharmeṣu kṛtaghnam svārtha-paṇḍitam

5. Go, Lakṣmaṇa! Find the king of monkeys in Kiṣkindhā, who is negligent in worldly affairs, ungrateful, and skilled only in serving his own interests.

5. לֵךְ, הו לַקְשְׁמַנַה, ובדוק מה שלום מלך הקופים בקִישְׁקִינְדְהָא, זה שהתרשל וטבע בהנאות החושים, כפוי הטובה שחכם רק כשמדובר בטובתו שלו.

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go, proceed

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakṣmaṇa

• जानीहि (jānīhi) - know, find out

• किष्किन्धायाम् (kiṣkindhāyām) - in Kiṣkindhā

• कपीश्वरम् (kapīśvaram) - Sugriva (the lord of monkeys)

• प्रमत्तम् (pramattam) - heedless, negligent, careless, intoxicated

• ग्राम्य-धर्मेषु (grāmya-dharmeṣu) - in worldly pleasures, in sensual pursuits

• कृतघ्नम् (kṛtaghnam) - ungrateful

• स्वार्थ-पण्डितम् (svārtha-paṇḍitam) - clever in self-interest, skilled in his own affairs

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छ (gaccha) - go, proceed

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √gam

imperative (loṭ), active voice, 2nd person singular

From root √gam

Root: gam (class 1)

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (Rama's younger brother)

Note: Addressed by Rama.

जानीहि (jānīhi) - know, find out

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √jñā

imperative (loṭ), active voice, 2nd person singular

From root √jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

किष्किन्धायाम् (kiṣkindhāyām) - in Kiṣkindhā

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kiṣkindhā

kiṣkindhā - Kiṣkindhā (capital city of the Vānaras)

Note: Location for finding Sugriva.

कपीश्वरम् (kapīśvaram) - Sugriva (the lord of monkeys)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapīśvara

kapīśvara - lord of monkeys, king of monkeys

Tatpurusha compound (kapi + īśvara)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kapi+īśvara)

• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'jānīhi'. Refers to Sugriva.

प्रमत्तम् (pramattam) - heedless, negligent, careless, intoxicated

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pramatta

pramatta - careless, inattentive, intoxicated, negligent

Past Passive Participle

From root √mad (to be drunk, rejoice) with upasarga pra, kta suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Adjective for 'kapīśvaram'.

ग्राम्य-धर्मेषु (grāmya-dharmeṣu) - in worldly pleasures, in sensual pursuits

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of grāmya-dharma

grāmya-dharma - worldly affairs, sensual pleasures, duties of a householder (in a negative sense here)

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (grāmya+dharma)

• grāmya – rustic, rural, worldly, vulgar
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from grāma (village) + ya (suffix)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty (dharma)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the sphere of Sugriva's negligence.

कृतघ्नम् (kṛtaghnam) - ungrateful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, destroyer of good deeds

Compound of kṛta (done) and ghna (destroying), Bahuvrīhi

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, make) with kta suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – destroying, killing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √han (to strike, kill) with suffix -a
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Adjective for 'kapīśvaram'.

स्वार्थ-पण्डितम् (svārtha-paṇḍitam) - clever in self-interest, skilled in his own affairs

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svārtha-paṇḍita

svārtha-paṇḍita - expert in his own interest, selfishly clever

Tatpurusha compound (svārthe paṇḍitaḥ)

Compound type : tatpurusha (svārtha+paṇḍita)

• svārtha – self-interest, own purpose
  noun (masculine)
• paṇḍita – learned, wise, skilled, expert
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adjective for 'kapīśvaram'.

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