महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-266, verse-50

तस्यैवं वदतोऽस्माभिर्हतो भ्राता निवेदितः ।
व्यसनं भवतश्चेदं संक्षेपाद्वै निवेदितम् ॥५०॥

50. tasyaivaṁ vadato'smābhirhato bhrātā niveditaḥ ,
vyasanaṁ bhavataścedaṁ saṁkṣepādvai niveditam.

50. tasya evam vadataḥ asmābhiḥ hataḥ bhrātā niveditaḥ
vyasanam bhavataḥ ca idam saṃkṣepāt vai niveditam

50. As he was speaking thus, we informed him that his brother had been slain. And this calamity of yours has indeed been reported briefly.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वदतः (vadataḥ) - as he was speaking (speaking, while speaking, of one speaking)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• निवेदितः (niveditaḥ) - reported, announced, informed

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune (calamity, misfortune, addiction)

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your (referring to Rāma) (of you, your (honorific))

• च (ca) - and

• इदम् (idam) - this (calamity) (this)

• संक्षेपात् (saṁkṣepāt) - briefly (briefly, in short, from brevity)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

• निवेदितम् (niveditam) - reported, announced, informed

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sampati.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

वदतः (vadataḥ) - as he was speaking (speaking, while speaking, of one speaking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, telling

Present Active Participle

Root vad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Present Active Participle, genitive singular, agreeing with 'tasya'.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Past Passive Participle, modifying 'bhrātā'.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

निवेदितः (niveditaḥ) - reported, announced, informed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivedita

nivedita - reported, announced, made known

Past Passive Participle

Upasarga ni + root vid (to know/find) + causative (-i) + kta suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Past Passive Participle, agreeing with 'bhrātā'.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune (calamity, misfortune, addiction)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, distress, addiction, fault

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Contextually nominative.

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - your (referring to Rāma) (of you, your (honorific))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite form)

Note: Polite form of 'you'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

इदम् (idam) - this (calamity) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

संक्षेपात् (saṁkṣepāt) - briefly (briefly, in short, from brevity)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃkṣepa

saṁkṣepa - abridgment, conciseness, brief statement

Prefix: sam

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Used adverbially.

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

निवेदितम् (niveditam) - reported, announced, informed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nivedita

nivedita - reported, announced, made known

Past Passive Participle

Upasarga ni + root vid (to know/find) + causative (-i) + kta suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Past Passive Participle, agreeing with 'vyasanam'.