महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-266, verse-25

द्विमासोपरमे काले व्यतीते प्लवगास्ततः ।
सुग्रीवमभिगम्येदं त्वरिता वाक्यमब्रुवन् ॥२५॥

25. dvimāsoparame kāle vyatīte plavagāstataḥ ,
sugrīvamabhigamyedaṁ tvaritā vākyamabruvan.

25. dvimāsoparame kāle vyatīte plavagāḥ tataḥ
sugrīvam abhigamya idam tvaritāḥ vākyam abruvan

25. When the two-month period had elapsed, the monkeys (plavagāḥ) quickly approached Sugrīva and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• द्विमासोपरमे (dvimāsoparame) - at the end of two months, after a two-month cessation

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

• व्यतीते (vyatīte) - having passed, elapsed

• प्लवगाः (plavagāḥ) - monkeys (literally 'jumpers')

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, thereafter)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugriva

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

• इदम् (idam) - this

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - hurried, swift, quick

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

Words meanings and morphology

द्विमासोपरमे (dvimāsoparame) - at the end of two months, after a two-month cessation

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvimāsoparama

dvimāsoparama - cessation of two months, end of two months

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvimāsa+uparama)

• dvimāsa – two months
  noun (masculine)
• uparama – cessation, end, pause
  noun (masculine)
  From upa-ram (to cease), action noun
  Prefix: upa
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Specifies the time.

काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: Qualifies 'dvimāsoparame'.

व्यतीते (vyatīte) - having passed, elapsed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

From vi-ati-i (to pass over)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

प्लवगाः (plavagāḥ) - monkeys (literally 'jumpers')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaga

plavaga - monkey (literally 'goer by jumping', 'jumper')

'plava' (jump) + 'ga' (goer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plava+ga)

• plava – jump, leap
  noun (masculine)
• ga – goer, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'abruvan'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses sequentially.

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugriva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

Note: Object of 'abhigamya'.

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From abhi-gam (to approach) + ya suffix (from lyap)

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates prior action.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Object of 'abruvan', refers to 'vākyam'.

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - hurried, swift, quick

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick, agile

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hurry)

Root: tvar (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac

Note: Object of 'abruvan'.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect, 3rd person plural

Root: brū (class 2)