महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-266, verse-25

द्विमासोपरमे काले व्यतीते प्लवगास्ततः ।
सुग्रीवमभिगम्येदं त्वरिता वाक्यमब्रुवन् ॥२५॥

25. dvimāsoparame kāle vyatīte plavagāstataḥ ,
sugrīvamabhigamyedaṁ tvaritā vākyamabruvan.

25. dvimāsoparame kāle vyatīte plavagāḥ tataḥ
sugrīvam abhigamya idam tvaritāḥ vākyam abruvan

25. When the two-month period had elapsed, the monkeys (plavagāḥ) quickly approached Sugrīva and spoke these words.

25. כשחלפו חודשיים והזמן נגמר, ניגשו אל סוּגְרִיוַה קופים נחפזים ואמרו לו את הדברים האלה.

Words meanings summery:

• द्विमासोपरमे (dvimāsoparame) - at the end of two months, after a two-month cessation

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

• व्यतीते (vyatīte) - having passed, elapsed

• प्लवगाः (plavagāḥ) - monkeys (literally 'jumpers')

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, thereafter)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugriva

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

• इदम् (idam) - this

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - hurried, swift, quick

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

Words meanings and morphology

द्विमासोपरमे (dvimāsoparame) - at the end of two months, after a two-month cessation

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dvimāsoparama

dvimāsoparama - cessation of two months, end of two months

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvimāsa+uparama)

• dvimāsa – two months
  noun (masculine)
• uparama – cessation, end, pause
  noun (masculine)
  From upa-ram (to cease), action noun
  Prefix: upa
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Specifies the time.

काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: Qualifies 'dvimāsoparame'.

व्यतीते (vyatīte) - having passed, elapsed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

From vi-ati-i (to pass over)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

प्लवगाः (plavagāḥ) - monkeys (literally 'jumpers')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaga

plavaga - monkey (literally 'goer by jumping', 'jumper')

'plava' (jump) + 'ga' (goer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plava+ga)

• plava – jump, leap
  noun (masculine)
• ga – goer, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'abruvan'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, from there, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses sequentially.

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugriva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

Note: Object of 'abhigamya'.

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From abhi-gam (to approach) + ya suffix (from lyap)

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates prior action.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Object of 'abruvan', refers to 'vākyam'.

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - hurried, swift, quick

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick, agile

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hurry)

Root: tvar (class 1)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Root: vac

Note: Object of 'abruvan'.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect, 3rd person plural

Root: brū (class 2)

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