महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-266, verse-58

तत्र सीता मया दृष्टा रावणान्तःपुरे सती ।
उपवासतपःशीला भर्तृदर्शनलालसा ।
जटिला मलदिग्धाङ्गी कृशा दीना तपस्विनी ॥५८॥

58. tatra sītā mayā dṛṣṭā rāvaṇāntaḥpure satī ,
upavāsatapaḥśīlā bhartṛdarśanalālasā ,
jaṭilā maladigdhāṅgī kṛśā dīnā tapasvinī.

58. tatra sītā mayā dṛṣṭā rāvaṇāntaḥpure satī upavāsatapaḥśīlā
bhartṛdarśanalālasā jaṭilā maladigdhāṅgī kṛśā dīnā tapasvinī

58. There, I saw Sita, a chaste wife (satī), in Ravana's inner palace. She was engaged in fasting and austerity (tapas), longing for the sight of her husband. She had matted hair, her limbs were smeared with dirt, and she appeared thin, distressed, and ascetic (tapasvinī).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in Lanka, specifically in Ravana's inner palace (there, in that place)

• सीता (sītā) - Sita

• मया (mayā) - by me

• दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - seen, perceived

• रावणान्तःपुरे (rāvaṇāntaḥpure) - in Ravana's inner palace, in Ravana's harem

• सती (satī) - chaste and virtuous wife (chaste wife, virtuous woman, existing)

• उपवासतपःशीला (upavāsatapaḥśīlā) - observing the practice of fasting and asceticism

• भर्तृदर्शनलालसा (bhartṛdarśanalālasā) - longing for the sight of her husband

• जटिला (jaṭilā) - with matted hair, wearing matted locks

• मलदिग्धाङ्गी (maladigdhāṅgī) - with limbs smeared with dirt

• कृशा (kṛśā) - thin, emaciated, lean

• दीना (dīnā) - distressed, miserable, wretched

• तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - ascetic, female ascetic, practicing austerity (tapas)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in Lanka, specifically in Ravana's inner palace (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

सीता (sītā) - Sita

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (name of Janaka's daughter, wife of Rama)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'dṛṣṭā'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in a passive construction.

दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - seen, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -kta.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sītā'.

रावणान्तःपुरे (rāvaṇāntaḥpure) - in Ravana's inner palace, in Ravana's harem

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rāvaṇāntaḥpura

rāvaṇāntaḥpura - Ravana's inner palace, Ravana's harem

Compound of Rāvaṇa (proper noun) and antaḥpura (inner palace).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rāvaṇa+antaḥpura)

• rāvaṇa – Ravana (name of the demon king of Lanka)
  proper noun (masculine)
• antaḥpura – inner apartment, harem, seraglio, palace
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of antar (inside) and pura (city/fortress/palace).

सती (satī) - chaste and virtuous wife (chaste wife, virtuous woman, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satī

satī - virtuous woman, chaste wife, existing, true

Present Active Participle (feminine)

Feminine form of sat (from root as, to be).

Root: as (class 2)

उपवासतपःशीला (upavāsatapaḥśīlā) - observing the practice of fasting and asceticism

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upavāsatapaḥśīla

upavāsatapaḥśīla - whose nature is fasting and austerity, accustomed to fasting and asceticism

Compound of upavāsa (fasting), tapas (asceticism), and śīla (nature, habit).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (upavāsa+tapas+śīla)

• upavāsa – fasting, abstinence from food
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  Derived from root vas (to dwell) with upasarga upa, in the sense of 'dwelling near' the deity (implying fasting).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 4)
• tapas – asceticism, penance, austerity (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  From root tap (to heat, suffer).
  Root: tap (class 1)
• śīla – nature, habit, conduct, character
  noun (neuter)
  From root śīl (to meditate, practice).
  Root: śīl (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

भर्तृदर्शनलालसा (bhartṛdarśanalālasā) - longing for the sight of her husband

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhartṛdarśanalālasa

bhartṛdarśanalālasa - longing for the sight of one's husband

Compound of bhartṛ (husband), darśana (sight), and lālasa (longing).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhartṛ+darśana+lālasa)

• bhartṛ – husband, supporter, master
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root bhṛ (to bear, support) with suffix -tṛ.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• darśana – sight, seeing, vision
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ana.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• lālasa – longing, desirous, eager
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root lal (to play, long for).
  Root: lal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

जटिला (jaṭilā) - with matted hair, wearing matted locks

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jaṭila

jaṭila - having matted hair, braided hair

From jaṭā (matted hair) + suffix -ila.

Note: Qualifies Sita.

मलदिग्धाङ्गी (maladigdhāṅgī) - with limbs smeared with dirt

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maladigdhāṅga

maladigdhāṅga - whose body/limbs are smeared with dirt/filth

Compound of mala (dirt), digdha (smeared), and aṅga (limb/body).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mala+digdha+aṅga)

• mala – dirt, impurity, filth
  noun (masculine)
• digdha – smeared, anointed, covered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dih (to smear) with suffix -kta.
  Root: dih (class 6)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

कृशा (kṛśā) - thin, emaciated, lean

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - thin, emaciated, lean, weak

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

दीना (dīnā) - distressed, miserable, wretched

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - miserable, distressed, wretched, sad

Past Passive Participle

From root dī (to perish, be sad).

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Sita.

तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - ascetic, female ascetic, practicing austerity (tapas)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, one who performs austerities (tapas), devotee

From tapas (asceticism) with suffix -vin.

Note: Qualifies Sita.